Buklanuvchi smartfon sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

<div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:178px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Foldable_Smartphones.jpg|alt=|238x238px]]</img></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"> [[Samsung Galaxy Z series|Samsung buklanadigan smartfonlari]] (old tomoni)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:240px;max-width:240px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:178px;overflow:hidden">[[File:Foldable_Phones.jpg|alt=|238x238px]]</img></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">[[Samsung Galaxy Z series|Samsung buklanadigan smartfonlari]] (orqa tomon)</div></div></div></div></div>
'''Buklanadigan smartfon''' (shuningdek, buklanuvchi '''telefon''' yoki oddiygina buklanuvchi deb ham ataladi) – bu '''buklanadigan''' shakl faktorli [[smartfon]]. Konsepsiyaning baʼzi variantlari sharnirda bir nechta sensorli panellardan foydalanadi, boshqa dizaynlarda esa moslashuvchan displey ishlatiladi. Bunday qurilmalar konsepsiyasi 2008-yilda [[Nokia]] kompaniyasining “Morph” konsepsiyasi va 2013-yilda Samsung Electronics tomonidan taqdim etilgan (moslashuvchan [[OLED]] displeylardan foydalanadigan kengroq konsepsiyalar toʻplamining bir qismi sifatida) konsepsiyasiga borib taqaladi. Buklanuvchilar OLED displeylari bilan 2018-yilning noyabr oyidan paydo boʻla boshladi.

Baʼzi qurilmalar vertikal oʻq boʻylab kengroq, planshetga oʻxshash shaklga buklanishi mumkin, lekin kichikroq, buklangan holatda foydalanish mumkin; displey yigʻilganda qurilmaning orqa tomoniga buklanishi mumkin (Royole FlexPai va Huawei Mate X kabi) yoki bukletga oʻxshash dizayndan foydalanishi mumkin, bu yerda kattaroq, buklangan ekran ichki qismda va uning ekranida joylashgan. Gorizontal buklanadigan smartfonlar ham ishlab chiqarilgan boʻlib, odatda qisqichbaqasimon shakl faktoridan foydalaniladi.

Tijoriy ravishda chiqarilgan buklanadigan smartfonlarning birinchi avlodi ularning chidamliligi, shuningdek, yuqori narxlari bilan bogʻliq xavotirlarga duch keldi.<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Chen |first=Brian X. |date=2020-02-11 |title=Foldable Phones Are Here. Do We Really Want Them? |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/11/technology/personaltech/foldable-phones-samsung.html |access-date=2020-02-20 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2020/2/16/21139897/samsung-galaxy-z-flip-ultra-thin-glass-durability-scratch-test-jerryrigeverything|sarlavha=Galaxy Z Flip durability test calls Samsung's Ultra Thin "Glass" into question|muallif=Welch|ism=Chris|sana=2020-02-16|ish=The Verge|til=en|kirish sanasi=2020-02-20}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Veb manbasi|muallif=Welch|ism=Chris|sarlavha=Samsung delays Galaxy Fold indefinitely: "We will take measures to strengthen the display"|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/22/18511170/samsung-galaxy-fold-delay-indefinitely-statement-screen-display-broken-issues|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=22 April 2019|sana=22 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/foldable-phones-why-you-should-wait-for-a-folding-5g-apple-iphone/|sarlavha=Foldable phones: Why you should wait for a folding 5G Apple iPhone|muallif=Detwiler|ism=Bill|ish=ZDNet|til=en|kirish sanasi=2020-02-20}}</ref>

== Tarix ==
[[Fayl:Kyocera_Echo_folding_jeh.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Kyocera_Echo_folding_jeh.jpg/250px-Kyocera_Echo_folding_jeh.jpg|right|thumb|251x251px| Kyocera Echo buklanadigan smartfonlarning hozirgi avlodi uchun poydevor edi.]]
2006-yilda Polymer Vision kompaniyasi oʻquvchi sifatida ham xizmat qiladigan Mobil Jahon Kongressida (MWC) oʻralgan konsepsiyani va buklanadigan smartfon [[:zh:Readius|Readiusni]] namoyish etdi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/photos-polymer-visions-readius-with-rollable-display/|sarlavha=Photos: Polymer Vision's Readius with rollable display|muallif=Lim|ism=Andrew|sana=2007-03-08|ish=CNET|til=en|kirish sanasi=2019-04-23}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMxPYtN5bKU|sarlavha=Polymer Vision Video of READIUS}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4tdtzyjFnY|sarlavha=Readius demo}}</ref>

2008-yilda [[Nokia]] “Morf” deb nomlangan moslashuvchan qurilmaning animatsion konsepsiyalarini taqdim etdi, uning [[Broshyura|uch qavatli]] dizayni boʻlib, uni turli shakllarga egilishi mumkin edi. Konsepsiya boʻyicha 2019-yilgi retrospektivda ''CNET'' Morph-ni tijorat maqsadida ishlab chiqarilgan buklanuvchi telefonlarning birinchi toʻlqini, shuningdek, kelajakdagi imkoniyatlarning namoyishi deb hisoblash mumkinligini taʼkidladi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/if-this-is-the-future-of-foldable-phones-count-me-in/|sarlavha=If the foldable phones of the future look like this, count me in|muallif=Hiner|ism=Jason|ish=CNET|til=en|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref>

2011-yilda Kyocera 3,5 duymli bir juft sensorli ekranga ega boʻlgan Echo deb nomlanuvchi ikkita sensorli [[Android]] smartfonini chiqardi. Displeylarda ikkita alohida ilova koʻrsatilishi mumkin, bitta ilova butun ekranni qamrab olishi mumkin, maʼlum ilovalarda esa “optimallashtirilgan” ikki panelli tartiblar ham mavjud edi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/11/30/zte-axon-m-dual-screen-review/|sarlavha=ZTE's dual-screen Axon M is fascinating and flawed|ish=Engadget}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://thenextweb.com/mobile/2017/10/17/zte-folding-phone-looks-legit/|sarlavha=ZTE actually built a folding phone that looks legit|ism=Rachel|muallif=Kaser|sana=17 October 2017|ish=The Next Web}}</ref> Ikki yil oʻtgach, NEC Yaponiyada Medias W-ni chiqardi. Echo-dan farqli oʻlaroq, ikkinchi darajali ekranni telefon orqasiga yigʻish mumkin. Kamera bir xil sensor ham oldinga, ham orqaga qarab turishi uchun ekran bilan aylantirildi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.engadget.com/2013/02/25/nec-medias-m-hands-on/|sarlavha=NEC's Medias W global prototype spotted: 4.3-inch Android phone or 5.6-inch tablet? (hands-on)|ish=Engadget}}</ref> 2017-yilda ZTE Medias W-ga o‘xshash ilgakli Axon M-ni chiqardi. ZTE zamonaviy smartfonlarning yanada kuchli jihozlari va takomillashtirilganligini ta’kidladi. Android-da koʻp vazifalilik va planshetni qoʻllab-quvvatlash, ushbu tajribani yaxshilashga yordam berdi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2017/10/17/16486484/zte-axon-m-dual-screen-phone-announcement-hands-on|sarlavha=ZTE's Axon M has two screens and a hinge|muallif=Seifert|ism=Dan|sana=2017-10-17|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref>

Yupqa, moslashuvchan [[OLED]] displeylarining rivojlanishi yangi dizaynlar va shakl omillarini yaratish imkoniyatini yaratdi. 2013-yilda o‘zining Consumer Electronics Show asosiy nutqida Samsung egiluvchan displeylarni o‘z ichiga olgan smartfonlar uchun Youm kodli bir nechta konsepsiyalarni taqdim etdi. Shunday konsepsiyalardan biri planshet oʻlchamidagi yagona, uzluksiz displeyga tashqariga buklana oladigan smartfon edi. Birinchi Youm konsepsiyasi uni ishlab chiqarish modeliga aylantirgan Galaxy Note Edge boʻldi - ekranning bir qismi oʻng tomondagi ramka ustiga egilgan edi. <ref name="engadget-noteedgehandson">{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=The Galaxy Note Edge: Samsung's first smartphone with a bent display|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/09/03/samsung-galaxy-note-edge-hands-on/|ish=Engadget|kirish sanasi=7 January 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/1/9/3855960/samsung-flexible-oled-phone-prototype-hands-on|sarlavha=Samsung shows off flexible OLED phone prototype (hands-on)|muallif=D'Orazio|ism=Dante|sana=2013-01-09|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/1/9/3855638/samsung-shows-off-curved-oled-phone-prototype|sarlavha=Samsung shows off curved phone prototype using flexible display|muallif=Blagdon|ism=Jeff|sana=2013-01-09|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://thenextweb.com/plugged/2018/09/04/samsungs-making-a-foldable-phone-so-we-can-all-stop-sharing-this-shitty-screengrab/|sarlavha=Samsung's making a foldable phone so we can all stop sharing this shitty screengrab|ism=Abhimanyu|muallif=Ghoshal|sana=4 September 2018|ish=The Next Web}}</ref>

OLED-displeylardan foydalangan holda buklanadigan telefonlarni ishlab chiqish boʻyicha mish-mishlar 2018-yilda tezroq paydo boʻla boshladi. 2018-yilning yanvar oyida [[LG Electronics]] buklanadigan smartfon uchun dizayn patentini olgani haqida xabar berilgan edi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2018/1/19/16908854/lg-patent-folding-device-phone-tablet|sarlavha=LG patents a folding phone that morphs into a tablet|muallif=Ong|ism=Thuy|sana=2018-01-19|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref> Iyun oyida [[Microsoft]] oʻzining “Andromeda” kod nomi bilan atalgan Surface liniyasining bir qismi sifatida shunga oʻxshash qurilmani ishlab chiqarayotgani haqida xabar berilgan edi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/the-inside-story-of-how-microsoft-killed-its-courier-tablet/|sarlavha=The inside story of how Microsoft killed its Courier tablet|muallif=Greene|ism=Jay|ish=CNET|til=en|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2018/6/29/17518582/microsoft-surface-dual-screen-andromeda-device-pocketable|sarlavha=Microsoft details secret 'pocketable' Surface device in leaked email|muallif=Warren|ism=Tom|sana=2018-06-29|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref> Samsung ham shunday qurilmani ishlab chiqayotgani aytilgan edi.<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Orphanides |first=K. G. |date=2018-09-04 |title=Samsung is making a folding phone... but how will it work? |work=Wired UK |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/samsung-folding-phone-galaxy-x |access-date=2019-04-22 |issn=1357-0978}}</ref>
[[Fayl:Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg/250px-Galaxy_Fold_-_1.jpg|right|thumb|274x274px| Ochiq Samsung Galaxy Fold]]
[[Fayl:Huawei_Mate_Xs.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Huawei_Mate_Xs.jpg/250px-Huawei_Mate_Xs.jpg|right|thumb|443x443px| Yarim ochiq Huawei Mate X]]
2019-yil yanvar oyida [[Xiaomi]] bosh direktori Lin Bin Sina Weibo’da videorolikni e’lon qildi, unda u ikki qanotli smartfon prototipini ichkariga bukish imkoniyatini namoyish etdi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/1/23/18194065/xiaomi-foldable-phone-tablet-device-teaser|sarlavha=Xiaomi's folding phone is the best we've seen so far|muallif=Warren|ism=Tom|sana=2019-01-23|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref> Samsung kompaniyasi Galaxy Fold’ni 2019-yil fevral oyida Mobile World Congress’dagi media tadbirida rasman namoyish qildi<ref name="ars-gfunveil">{{Veb manbasi|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2019/02/samsungs-foldable-phone-is-finally-official-meet-the-galaxy-fold/|sarlavha=Samsung's foldable phone is finally official—meet the Galaxy Fold|muallif=Dunn|ism=Jeff|sana=2019-02-20|ish=Ars Technica|til=en-us|kirish sanasi=2019-02-23}}</ref> Anjumanda Galaxy Fold bilan bir qatorda Huawei Mate X,<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/24/18238269/huawei-foldable-phone-mate-x-price-release-date-specs-mwc-2019|sarlavha=Huawei's Mate X foldable phone is a thinner 5G rival to the Galaxy Fold|ism=Vlad|muallif=Savov|sana=24 February 2019|ish=The Verge}}</ref> va TCL kabi boshqa buklanadigan telefonlar ham taqdim etildi va uning “DragonHinge” texnologiyasi (jumladan, bilaguzuk uslubidagi qurilma) mavjud bo‘lgan turli prototip konsepsiyalari taqdim etildi.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/24/18237259/tcl-foldable-phone-prototype-video-dragonhinge-mwc-2019|sarlavha=TCL's foldable phone prototype is untouchable for now|muallif=Savov|ism=Vlad|sana=2019-02-24|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref> LG smartfonlar bozorida bozor ulushini qayta qo‘lga kiritishga ko‘proq e’tibor qaratish istagini bildirgan holda, buklanadigan qurilmani namoyish qilmadi. Biroq u oʻzining LG V50 smartfoni uchun “Ikki ekranli” korpus aksessuarini taqdim etdi - folio uslubidagi korpus, ichida ikkilamchi displey paneli mavjud.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.theverge.com/2019/2/24/18238437/lg-v50-dual-screen-second-display-mwc-2019|sarlavha=LG's answer to the foldable mania is a second screen|muallif=Savov|ism=Vlad|sana=2019-02-24|ish=The Verge|kirish sanasi=2019-04-22}}</ref>

Huawei 2020-yil 24-fevralda Mate Xs-ni asl Mate X-ning apparat versiyasi sifatida e’lon qildi; u 2020-yil mart oyida Xitoydan tashqarida “global bozorlarda” sotuvga chiqarildi. Qurilma yanada mustahkam displey, yaxshilangan ilmoq funksiyasi va qayta ishlangan sovitish tizimi, shuningdek, yangi Kirin 990 5G SoC va EMUI 10 bilan Android 10 bilan jihozlangan.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://theverge.com/2020/2/24/21145519/huawei-mate-xs-foldable-phone-news-features-quad-layer-screen-hinge-kirin-990-5g|sarlavha=Huawei announces the Mate XS foldable with a more durable display and faster processor|ish=[[The Verge]]|muallif=Porter|ism=Jon|sana=24 February 2020|kirish sanasi=24 February 2020}}</ref> Keyinchalik Samsung 2020-yil sentabr oyida Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 2 smartfonini namoyish qildi.
[[Fayl:Xiaomi_Mi_Mix_Fold_front.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Xiaomi_Mi_Mix_Fold_front.jpg/250px-Xiaomi_Mi_Mix_Fold_front.jpg|right|thumb|333x333px| Xiaomi Mi MIX Fold]]
2021-yil 25-fevralda Huawei Huawei Mate X2 ni chiqardi. 2021 yil mart oyida [[Xiaomi]] Technology Xiaomi Mi MIX Fold ni eʼlon qildi. 2021-yil avgust oyida Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 3 va Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 3 chiqarildi.

Samsung Galaxy Z Fold 4 va Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 4 2022-yil avgust oyida Galaxy Unpacked nashrida eʼlon qilindi. Galaxy Z Fold 4 2022-yil 10-avgustda, Galaxy Z Flip 4 esa 2022-yil 26-avgustda sotuvga chiqariladi.

Motorola Mobility 2022-yil 11-avgustda Moto Razr 2022-ni ishga tushirdi, u hozirda faqat Xitoy bozorida mavjud, biroq u keyinchalik boshqa jahon bozorlarida ham sotilishi mumkinligi haqida taxminlar bor.<ref>{{Veb manbasi|muallif=Leclair|ism=Dave|sana=2022-08-11|sarlavha=The Moto Razr 2022 Is Coming, But You Can't Get It|url=https://uk.pcmag.com/mobile-phones/142007/a-new-motorola-razr-is-coming-but-you-cant-get-it|kirish sanasi=2022-08-13|ish=PCMag UK|til=en-gb}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=Motorola's Razr 2022 comes for the Galaxy Z Flip 4 with a 144Hz display and 50MP camera|url=https://www.msn.com/en-gb/money/technology/motorola-s-razr-2022-comes-for-the-galaxy-z-flip-4-with-a-144hz-display-and-50mp-camera/ar-AA10xJum|kirish sanasi=2022-08-13|ish=MSN|til=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|muallif=published|ism=Tom Bedford|sana=2022-08-11|sarlavha=Moto Razr 2022 unveiled mere hours after Samsung's Unpacked bonanza|url=https://www.techradar.com/news/motorola-has-wasted-no-time-in-launching-its-samsung-galaxy-z-flip-4-rival|kirish sanasi=2022-08-13|ish=TechRadar|til=en}}</ref>

== Detallari ==

=== Displey materiallari ===
Buklanadigan smartfonlar odatda shishadan koʻra moslashuvchan, [[OLED|plastik OLED]] displeylardan foydalanadi (masalan, Corning kompaniyasining [[Gorilla Glass]] mahsuloti, bu koʻpchilik oʻrta va yuqori darajadagi smartfonlarda qoʻllanadi). Plastik displeylar tabiiy ravishda buklanadigan smartfon uchun kerakli egilish radiusini ushlab turishga qodir, biroq ular anʼanaviy shisha smartfon displeylariga qaraganda dogʻlar va tirnalishlarga koʻproq moyil. Garchi Corning Willow Glass deb nomlanuvchi moslashuvchan shisha mahsulot ishlab chiqarsa-da, kompaniya uni ishlab chiqarish jarayoni [[Osh tuzi|tuz]] eritmasidan foydalanishni talab qilishini taʼkidlaydi, bu esa uni elektron displeylar uchun yaroqsiz qiladi, chunki tuz OLED panellarida (toʻgʻridan-toʻgʻri qurilgan) ishlatiladigan tranzistorlarga zarar etkazishi mumkin. Shunga qaramay, kompaniya 2019-yil mart oyida smartfonlar uchun mos boʻlgan egiluvchan oynani ishlab chiqish jarayonida ekanligini maʼlum qildi.

== Manbalar ==
{{Manbalar}}
[[Turkum:Mobil telefonlar]]