Change Alley, Singapur sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

'''Change Alley''' - bu [[Singapur]]ning Downtown Core rejalashtirish hududidagi Raffles Pleys moliyaviy tumanidagi konditsionerli savdo arkadasidir. Chevron House va Hitachi Tower osmono'par binolari bilan yonma-yon joylashgan bo'lib, u Raffles Pleys va Collyer Quayni bog'laydigan xiyobondir. U  1989-yilda<ref name="singapur">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}</ref> tarixi 1819-yilga borib taqaladigan eski Change Alley  bugungi kungacha ta'mirlanib saqlab kelinmoqda.

== Tarixi ==
'''1819-yil''' : Esplanaddan Rochor daryosigacha cho'zilgan plyaj hududi savdo joyi sifatida yomon geografik joylashuvi tufayli Raffles tijorat markazini Singapurning janubiy qirg'og'iga (bugungi Janubiy Boat Quay), Singapur daryosi bo'yiga yaqinroq joyga ko'chirdi., bu yerda suvlar kam va  sayoz bo'lib,  undan foydalanish mumkin edi<ref name="singapour's history">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/feddcf2a-2074-4ae6-b272-dc0db80e2146#4|sarlavha=Singapore's first land reclamation project begins - Singapore History|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}</ref>.

'''1822 -yil''' : Raffles Pleys Raffles shahar rejasida SG ning rejalashtirilgan biznes markazi sifatida belgilandi<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=https://remembersingapore.org/tag/change-alley/|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Remember Singapore|ish=remembersingapore.org|til=en|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}</ref>. Biroq, o'sha paytda, bu joy bo'sh edi, botqoq yerlar, daryolar va kesilgan  mangrov daraxtlari bilan qoplangandi<ref name="singapour history">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/history/events/feddcf2a-2074-4ae6-b272-dc0db80e2146#4|sarlavha=Singapore's first land reclamation project begins - Singapore History|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}</ref>. Uni qayta tiklash kerak edi. Singapur daryosining janubi-g'arbiy qirg'og'ini to'ldirish maqsadida tuproqdan foydalanish uchun Tanjong Singapuraning (bugungi Raffles joyi) oxirida joylashgan kichik tepalik tekislangan<ref name="singapour" />. Me'mor Jorj D. Koulman melioratsiya bilan shug'ullangan<ref name="singapour" />.

'''1858-yil''' : Tijorat maydoni keyinchalik Raffles Pleys deb o'zgartirildi.

'''1890-yil''' : Change Alley o'z nomini Londondagi Exchange Alley deb nomlanuvchi savdo markazidan yoki ehtimol,  u yerdagi ko'p sonli hind pul almashtiruvchilari tufayli oldi.[4] Bu mahalliy aholi mintaqaviy dengiz savdogarlari va yevropaliklar bilan mol ayirboshlash savdolarini olib boradigan joyga aylandi<ref name="singapour">{{kitob manbasi|title=Singapore Street Names: A Study of Toponymics|last=Savage|first=Victor R|publisher=Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd|year=2013|pages=69–70}}</ref>.

'''1905 -yil''' : 4 qavatli Vinchester uyi Collyer Quay tomonidagi Change Alleyga kiraverishda qurilgan<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}</ref>.

'''1920''' -yillar: 5 qavatli Shell House shu o'n yillikning boshida Raffles Pleysdagi Change Alleyga kiraverishda qurilgan, keyinchalik u 1960 - yilda 14 qavatli ofis bloki sifatida qurib bitkazilgan va Singapur Rubber House deb o'zgartirilgan<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>. Change Alley hali mashhur bo'lmagan paytda ham,  yevropalik xaridorlar va osiyolik brokerlar uchun asosiy  uchrashuv joyi sifatida tan olingan. O'sha paytda u yerda joylashgan bir nechta do'konlar sababli  u piyodalarga Collyer Quaydan Raffles Pleysgacha borish uchun qulay ko'cha bo'lib xizmat qilgan.

'''1930'''-yillar: 100 metr uzunlikdagi norasmiy makon o'zining ahamiyati va mavqeyi ortib borayotgani uchun shuhrat qozondi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>. Bu yerda pul almashtiruvchi  xitoylik dilerlar, yevropalik savdogarlarga xizmat ko'rsatuvchi kompradorlar bilan bir qatorda gambier, qalampir, kopra, qalay va boshqa turdagi mahsulotlar bilan savdo qiladigan gullab-yashnayotgan bozorlar  bor edi<ref name=":0" />. Tez orada u  Singapurga kemada kelgan sayyohlar va dengizchilar uchun Klifford Pierga yetib kelgan va dengiz bo'yidan Raffles Pleysga yo'l olganlar  uchun tor xiyobon orqali o'tgan  yo'l  diqqatga sazovor joyga aylandi<ref name=":0" />.

'''1950-yillar''' : Mijozlar va sotuvchilar sonining ortib borishi tufayli tovarlar va xizmatlar sezilarli darajada diversifikatsiya qilindi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>. U kiyim-kechak, portfel, soat, o'yinchoq, baliq ovlash uchun aksessuarlar, qo'l soatlari, suvenirlar do'konlari,  tikuvchilik, poyafzal va oyoq kiyimlarini tozalash xizmatlarini o'z ichiga ola boshladi<ref name=":0" />.

Infratuzilma nuqtayi nazaridan, Change Alley kichik do'konlar va vaqtinchalik stollar, qalam va soatlar rastalari savdo qiluvchi  sotuvchilardan iborat edi. Xiyobon uchun qo'lbola ayvon rux, plastmassa yoki kanvas choyshablar yordamida yaratilgan bo'lib, ba'zida yomg'irli kunlarda yomg'ir  oqishning oldini ololmadi. Shunday kunlarda  Change Alley yanada tor, tiqilinch  ko'chaga aylanardi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>.

Do'kon sotuvchilari biznes yuritish uchun [[Fransuz tili|fransuz]], [[Nemis tili|nemis]], [[Italyan tili|italyan]] va hatto [[Rus tili|rus]] kabi turli tillarda  gapirishlari zarur edi<ref name=":2">{{kitob manbasi|title=Singapore Street Names: A Study of Toponymics|last=Savage|first=Victor R|publisher=Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd|year=2013|pages=69–70}}</ref>. Aksariyat hindlar  o'z do'konlarida  bizneslarini yuritgan<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>. Savdolashish va ko'ngil ochish xiyobonning asosiy xususiyatlari edi. Bu zamonaviy Singapurning atmosferasi va o'ziga xos hududini yaratdi, shu bois u mahalliy aholi tomonidan yaxshi eslab qolinardi.

'''1973- yil''' : Klifford qayta tiklangandan so'ng, Change Alley Aerial Plaza bilan Change Alleyni bog'laydigan ko'prikda ochildi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>.

'''1980-yillar''' : Change Alley bir necha sabablarga ko'ra mijozlarning qisqarishi jarayonini boshdan kechirdi: dengiz sayohatining qisqarishi, zamonaviy konditsionerli savdo markazlari bilan raqobat va xorijiy qo'shinlarning Singapurdan olib chiqilishi bunga asosiy sabablar edi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>.

'''1989 - yil aprel''' : Aprel oyida zahiralarni tozalash uchun savdo-sotiqdan so'ng, Change Alleydagi do'konlar oxirgi marta ochildi. Zarar ko'rgan do'kon egalariga bozorlar va oziq-ovqat markazlarida turli xil va pishirilgan oziq-ovqat do'konlarini ijaraga olish taklif qilindi. Vinchester uyi va Shell uyi (Singapur kauchuk uyi deb ham ataladi) ikkalasi ham Change Alley tozalangandan keyin buzib tashlangan.

'''1993 - yil''' : Caltex/ Chevron uyi (Singapur kauchuk uyi o'rniga) Hitachi minorasi (Vinchester uyi o'rniga) bundan bir yil oldin qurib bitkazilganidan keyin Change Alley qaytdi<ref name=":0">{{veb manbasi|url=http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html|sarlavha=Change Alley {{!}} Infopedia|muallif=Singapore|ism=National Library Board|ish=eresources.nlb.gov.sg|kirish sanasi=2017-03-03}}<cite class="citation web cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFSingapore">Singapore, National Library Board. [http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_223_2004-12-17.html "Change Alley | Infopedia"]. ''eresources.nlb.gov.sg''<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-03</span></span>.</cite></ref>. Ikkita osmono'par bino bilan yonma-yon joylashgan konditsionerli savdo arkadasi bo'lgan yangi yangilangan Change Alley tashkil etildi.

== Yangi ko'rinishi ==
[[Fayl:OUE_link_and_Revolving_Tower_2.jpg|thumb| OUE Link, fonda yangilangan Change Alley Aerial Plaza]]

== Yana qarang ==

* [[Singapurdagi savdo markazlari ro'yxati]]

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
[[Turkum:Singapur]]
[[Turkum:Singapur savdo markazlari]]