Darʼo sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Bilgiquti aholi punkti
| oʻzbekcha nomi = Darʼo
| asl nomi = {{lang|ar|دَرْعَا}}
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| mavqe = [[Suriya shaharlari roʻyxati|Shahar]]
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| jadvalda mintaqa = Darʼo gubernatorligi{{!}}Darʼo
| tuman turi = Suriya tumanlari{{!}}tuman
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| rahbar = Loʻay Xareta<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://sana.sy/en/?p=254778|date=2021-11-17|title=President al-Assad issues decrees appointing new governors for four Syrian provinces|access-date=2021-11-17|website=SANA|language=en-US}}</ref>
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|sayt = [http://www.esyria.sy/edaraa/]
| Commons turkumi =
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[[File:Daraa_District_Map.png|thumb|right|Dar’o shahrning ayni nomdagi muhofaza va tuman ichida joylashganini aks ettiruvchi xarita.]]

'''Darʼo''' ({{lang-ar|دَرْعَا}} / {{ALA-LC|ar|''Dar‘ā''}}) — Suriyaning janubi-gʻarbiy qismidagi shahar. [[Darʼo gubernatorligi]]ning maʼmuriy markazi.

== Tarixi ==
=== Qadimgi tarixi ===
Darʼo [[kanʼon]]liklar davridan qolgan qadimiy shahardir. Miloddan avvalgi 1490—1436-yillar oraligʻida [[Firʼavn]] Tutmos III davriga oid [[Misr]] ieroglif yozuvlarida tilga olingan. Oʻsha kunlarda u '''Atharaa''' shahri sifatida tanilgan. Keyinchalik u [[Ivrit tili|ibroniy]] Injilida '''Edrei''' yoki Edreʼi (אֶדְרֶעִי)<ref name="Deuteronomy">Numbers 21:33 and Deuteronomy 3:1</ref>, deb tilga olinadi. U isroilliklar podshoh Ogni magʻlub etgan jang boʻlgan Bashanning poytaxti sanaladi<ref name="Negev">Negev, p. 150.</ref>. Yahudiylarning urf-odatlariga koʻra, Eldad va Medad Edreyda dafn etilgan<ref>''Burial Places of the Fathers'', published by Yehuda Levi Nahum in book: ''Ṣohar la-ḥasifat ginzei teiman'' (Heb. '''צהר לחשיפת גנזי תימן'''), Tel-Aviv 1986, p. 253 {{OCLC|15417732}}</ref>.

=== Klassik davr ===
Yunon [[Salavkiylar|Salavkiylar imperiyasida]] va keyinchalik 106-yilda [[Trayan]] tomonidan qoʻshilgan [[Rim imperiyasi]]da shahar '''Adraa''' (Ἀδράα)<ref>[https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0064%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D3%3Aentry%3Dadraa-geo William Smith, ''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography'' (1864): Adraa]</ref> nomi bilan tanilgan, bu nom tanga zarb qilinganida ishlatilgan<ref>{{kitob manbasi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs8GAwAAQBAJ&q=Adraa+Arabia|title=Catalogue of the Greek coins in The British Museum|year=2004|isbn=9785872102076}}</ref><ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.snible.org/coins/hn/arabia.html|title=Ancient coins of Arabia|work=snible.org}}</ref>. Arabia Petraea viloyati tarkibiga kiritilgan<ref name="Sharon68">Sharon, 2007, p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=1d8xHcor0psC&pg=PA68 68]</ref> .

<nowiki>III</nowiki> asrga kelib u ''[[polis]]'' (oʻzini oʻzi boshqaradigan shahar) maqomiga ega boʻldi. Rim tarixchisi Yevseviy '''Adraani''' Arabistonning mashhur ''polisi'' deb atagan<ref name="Negev"/><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=IA-YlZqHv90C&dq=Eusebius+Adraa&pg=PA419 Fergus Millar, ''The Roman Near East, 31 B. C.-A. D. 337''] (Harvard University Press 1993 {{ISBN|978-0-67477886-3}}), p. 419</ref>. Adraadan sharqda joylashgan hudud ebionitlarning markazi edi<ref>[http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/rak/courses/535/Harnack/bk4ch3-1n.htm Adolf Harnack, ''The Mission and Expansion of Christianity in the First Three Centuries'', Book 4, Chapter 3, section 1]</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=zs43AAAAIAAJ&dq=Adraa+Ebionites&pg=PA29 Albertus Frederik Johannes Klijn, G. J. Reinink, ''Patristic Evidence for Jewish-Christian Sects''] (Brill Archive 1973 {{ISBN|978-9-00403763-2}}), p. 29</ref>. Adraaning oʻzi [[Xristianlik|xristian]] yeparxiyasi boʻlgan. 359-yildagi Salavkiya kengashida Adraaning birinchi yepiskopi Arabio ishtirok etgan. Uran 381-yilda Konstantinopolning birinchi kengashida, Prokl 448-yilda Konstantinopolning Evtixlarga qarshi sinodida va 451-yilda Xalkidon kengashida va Dorimenius 553-yilda Konstantinopol ikkinchi kengashida ishtirok etgan<ref>Michel Lequien, [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_86weAemI-e4C ''Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus''], Paris 1740, Vol. II, coll. 859-860</ref><ref>Siméon Vailhé, v. ''Adraa'', in [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6562709t/f316.image ''Dictionnaire d’Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques''], vol. I, Paris 1909, coll. 592-593</ref>. Bu vaqtga kelib u turar-joy yepiskopligi emas, Adraa bugungi kunda [[katolik cherkovi]] tomonidan titul kafedra sifatida roʻyxatga olingan<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 838</ref>. Shuningdek, u [[Suriya choʻli]]dagi monastir va missionerlik faoliyati markazi boʻlgan.

614-yilda [[Sosoniylar davlati|sosoniy forslar]] 602—628-yillardagi [[Vizantiya imperiyasi|Vizantiya]]-Sosoniy urushi paytida Adraani talon-taroj qilishdi, ammo aholini saqlab qolishdi<ref name="Sharon68"/>

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

== Adabiyotlar ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{kitob manbasi|first=M.Th.|last=Houtsma|author-link=Martijn Theodoor Houtsma|title=E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GEl6N2tQeawC&q=Adhriat|volume=1|publisher=BRILL|year=1993|isbn=9004097961}}
* {{kitob manbasi | last1= Hütteroth |first1=Wolf-Dieter |first2=Kamal | last2=Abdulfattah | title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ  | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
* {{kitob manbasi|title=Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500|url=https://archive.org/details/palestineundermo00lestuoft |first=G.|last=Le Strange|author-link=Guy Le Strange|year=1890|publisher=Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Moubayed |first=S.M.|author-link=Sami Moubayed |year=2006 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sC-xU8QHSooC&pg=PA56 |title=Steel and Silk |publisher=Cune Press |isbn=9781885942401}}
* {{kitob manbasi|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838|  location=Boston|publisher=Crocker & Brewster|volume=3}}
* {{kitob manbasi |last=Runciman |first=Steven |author-link=Steven Runciman |year=1989 |title=A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-06162-9 }}
* {{kitob manbasi | first = G. |last=Schumacher |author-link1=Gottlieb Schumacher| title = Across the Jordan: being an exploration and survey of part of Hauran and Jaulan| year = 1888| publisher = Bentley|url= https://archive.org/details/jaulansurveyedf00schu}}
* {{kitob manbasi|title=Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Addendum |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=1d8xHcor0psC |first=M.|last=Sharon|author-link=Moshe Sharon|year=2007|publisher=Brill |isbn = 978-9004157804}}
{{refend}}

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