Eleodes sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |''Eleodes''
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Eleodes_pimelioides_adult_dorsal.jpg|frameless]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%" |''Eleodes pimelioides''
|- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"
|-
! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |[[Klassifikatsiya|Ilmiy klassifikatsiya]] <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;">[[File:Red_Pencil_Icon.png|link=Template:Taxonomy/Eleodes| e ]]</span>
|-
|Vakillik:
|[[Hayvonlar]]
|-
|Filum:
|[[Artropodlar]]
|-
|Sinf:
|[[Hasharotlar]]
|-
|Oila:
|[[Qora qo'ng'iz|Tenebrionidae]]
|-
|Utugʻ:
|[[Amphidorini]]
|-
|Gen:
|''[[Eleodes]]''<br /><br /><small>[[Eschscholtz]], 1829</small>
|- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"
|-
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)" |Subgenera
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align: left" |
* Amphidora <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small>
* Ardeleodes <small>Blaisdell, 1937</small>
* Blapylis <small>Horn, 1870</small>
* Caverneleodes <small>Triplehorn, 1975</small>
* Chaseleodes <small>Thomas, 2015</small>
* Cratidus <small>LeConte, 1862</small>
* Discogenia <small>LeConte, 1866</small>
* Eleodes <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small>
* Heteropromus <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Litheleodes <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Melaneleodes <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Metablapylis <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Omegeleodes <small>Triplehorn & Thomas, 2012</small>
* Promus <small>LeConte, 1862</small>
* Pseudeleodes <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Tricheleodes <small>Blaisdell, 1909</small>
* Xysta <small>Eschscholtz, 1829</small>
|}

'''''Eleodes''''' – qoramtir qoʻngʻizlar turkumi, Tenebrionidae oilasiga mansub hasharot turi. Ular odatda '''pinakat qoʻngʻizlari''' yoki '''choʻl''' hidli qoʻngʻizlar sifatida tanilgan. Ular Shimoliy Amerikaning gʻarbiy qismida uchrovchi [[Endemiklar|endemik]] turdir, koʻplab vakillari Sonoran choʻlida keng tarqalgan. Pinakat nomi ''meksikan-ispancha'' soʻz boʻlib, hasharotning [[Atstek tili|Nahuatl]] (Aztek) nomidan olingan, ''pinakatl'', „qora qoʻngʻiz“ deb tarjima qilinadi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|muallif=Clarke|ism=Chris|sana=September 13, 2013|sarlavha=The Pinacate Beetle is Not Afraid of You|url=https://www.kcet.org/redefine/the-pinacate-beetle-is-not-afraid-of-you|kirish sanasi=April 13, 2022|ish=KCET}}</ref>.

''Eleodes'' turlarining uzunligi 10 dan 50 mm gacha boʻlib, tanasi qora rangda. Ushbu turning barcha vakillari yirtqichlardan himoyalanish maqsadida xinon yoki shunga oʻxshash moddalar ishlab chiqaradi. Koʻplab vakillarida bu modda darhol purkalishi uchun qoʻngʻizning bosh qismida joylashgan boʻladi. Ular odatda qumli muhitda uchraydi<ref>{{Kitob manbasi|last=Will|first=Kip|title=Field Guide to California Insects|publisher=[[University of California Press]]|year=2020|isbn=9780520288744|location=Oakland, California|pages=242}}</ref>.

== Tavsifi ==
Eleodes turlari taxminan 10 dan 50 millimetrgacha uzunlikda boʻladi. Qoʻngʻizlar jigarrang-qora rangda boʻlib (qizildan qora ranggacha boʻlishi ham mumkin), baʼzilarining qorni qizgʻish tusga ega<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Genus Eleodes - Desert Stink Beetles |url=https://bugguide.net/node/view/218 |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=bugguide.net}}</ref>. Baʼzi turlarning, masalan ''Eleodes osculans''ning [[Seta|setalari]] chiqindilarni toʻplab, hasharotga jigarrang tus beradi. Xuddi shunday hodisa ''Eleodes mirabilis'' turida ham kuzatiladi, bu esa uning qornida oqish yoʻllar bordek tasavvuri paydo qiladi<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal|title=A Revision of Eleodes Subgenus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)|date=2015|doi=10.3157/061.141.0111|url=https://bioone.org/journals/transactions-of-the-american-entomological-society/volume-141/issue-1/061.141.0111/A-Revision-of-Eleodes-Subgenus-Eleodes-Eschscholtz-Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae/10.3157/061.141.0111.short|last1=Triplehorn|first1=Charles A.|last2=Thomas|first2=Donald B.|last3=Smith|first3=Aaron D.|journal=Transactions of the American Entomological Society|volume=141|pages=156–196|s2cid=86220224}}</ref>. Turlarning koʻpligi va ularning keng tarqalishi sababli, bu qoʻngʻizlar turli xil koʻrinishlarga ega boʻlib, ular orasida sezilarli farqlar mavjud<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Happ|first=George M.|date=1968-12-01|title=Quinone and hydrocarbon production in the defensive glands of Eleodes longicollis and Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)|url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910%2868%2990214-X|journal=Journal of Insect Physiology|language=en|volume=14|issue=12|pages=1821–1837|doi=10.1016/0022-1910(68)90214-X|bibcode=1968JInsP..14.1821H|issn=0022-1910}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Darkling beetle {{!}} insect {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/animal/darkling-beetle |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>.

== Sistematika ==
Eleodesning 230 dan ortiq turlari mavjud<ref name="Triplehorn1975">Triplehorn, C. A., 1975. A new subgenus of Eleodes, with three new cave-inhabiting species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Coleopterists bulletin, 29(1): 39-43.</ref><ref name="Triplehorn1991">Triplehorn, C. A. and J. R. Reddell. 1991. New species of Eleodes (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) From Mexican Caves. Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington, 93(3): 525—532.</ref><ref name="Triplehorn2007">Triplehorn, C. A. 2007. New species of Eleodes (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington, 109(3): 628—642.</ref>. U va shu turga yaqin avlodlari (''Embaphion – Lariversius – Neobaphion – Nycterinus – Trogloderus')'' birgalikda [[Amphidorini]] oilasini tashkil qiladi. Bu jins birinchi marta 1829-yilda rus tabiatshunosi Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz tomonidan aniqlangan<ref name="Bernett20082">Bernett, A. 2008. The genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) of eastern Colorado. Journal of the Kansas Entomology Society.81, 377-391.</ref>.

''[[Caverneleodes]]'' kenja jinsi turlari Triplehorn: ''[[Eleodes easterlai|E. easterlai]] – [[Eleodes grutus|E. grutus]] – [[Eleodes guadalupensis|E. guadalupensis]] – [[Eleodes labialis|E. labialis]] – [[Eleodes leptoscelis|E. leptoscelis]] – [[Eleodes microps|E. mikroplar]] – [[Eleodes osculans|E. osculans]] – [[Eleodes reddelli|E. reddelli]] – [[Eleodes rugosifrons|E. rugosifrons]] – [[Eleodes sprousei|E. sprousei]] – [[Eleodes thomasi|E. tomasi]] – [[Eleodes wheeleri|E. wheeleri]] – [[Eleodes wynnei|E. wynnei]]'' – …{{Avtomatik taksonquti
| kenja_turkum = Eleodes
}}
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

[[Turkum:Qoʻngʻizlar]]