Abu-Muso sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Orol

 |Карта      = {{XaritaNuqtasi|Strait of Hormuz.jpg}}

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'''Abu-Muso'''<ref>prinadlejnost osparivaetsya [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B OAE]</ref><ref>Iran, Afganistan, Pakistan. Kabul // Atlas mira / sost. i podgot. k izd. PKO „Kartografiya“ v 2002 g. ; gl. red. V. P. Seleznyov; otv. red. T. G. Novikova, T. M. Vorobyova. — 3-e izd., ster., otpech. ZAO Kompaniya „Atlasi natsionalnix avtodorog“ v 2008 g. s diapoz. Roskartografii. — M. : PKO „Kartografiya“ : Xarvest, 2008. — S. 168—169. — [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/9785170470181 ISBN 978-5-17-047018-1] (Kartografiya). — [https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3/9789851660274 ISBN 978-985-16-6027-4] (Xarvest).</ref> (Jazirat-Bu-Musa, pers {{lang-fa|بوموسی}}) — [[Fors koʻrfazi|Fors koʻrfazining]] sharqiy qismidagi orol, trapetsiya shakliga ega, [[Hoʻrmuz boʻgʻozi|Hormuz boʻgʻozidagi]] arxipelagning oltita orollaridan biri. Maydoni 12 km². Eronning bu oroli turizm uchun rivojlanmoqda va iqlimi issiq.

[[Eronning maʼmuriy-hududiy boʻlinishi|Eronning maʼmuriy boʻlinishiga]] koʻra {{Tarjima qilinmagan 5|Markaziy(Abu-Muso)|Markaziy||Central District (Abumusa County)}} {{Tarjima qilinmagan 5|Abu-Muso (шахрестан)|Abu-Muso||Abumusa County}} Hormozgan baxshi tarkibiga kiradi. Orolning egalik huquqi uni Sharja amirligining bir qismi deb hisoblaydigan [[Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari]] tomonidan bahsli. Eron qadimdan orolni oʻz davlatining bir qismi deb hisoblab kelgan.<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.iran-press-service.com/articles/iran_uae_saudi.html|sarlavha=Riyadh lashes out at UAE criticism OF Iran-Saudi warming up|muallif=Safa Haeri|til=en|ish=Iran Press Service|kirish sanasi=2020-03-06|arxivsana=2016-03-07|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307202313/http://www.iran-press-service.com/articles/iran_uae_saudi.html}}</ref><ref>Schofield: 35-37.</ref><ref name="am.edu">{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.american.edu/TED/abumusa.htm|sarlavha=Abu Musa. Island Dispute Between Iran and the UAE|til=en|ish=[[Американский университет|American University]]|kirish sanasi=2016-09-28|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070622155007/http://www.american.edu/TED/abumusa.htm|arxivsana=2007-06-22}}</ref><ref name="pgpm">{{kitob manbasi|author=Mojtahedzadeh, Pirouz|title=Countries and boundaries in the geopolitical region of the Persian Gulf|year=1993|publisher=The Institute for Political and International Studies|isbn=964-361-103-5}}</ref><ref name="pgpm3">{{kitob manbasi|author=Mojtahedzadeh, Pirouz|title=Boundary Politics and International Boundaries of Iran|year=2006|publisher=Universal Publishers Boca Raton|location=Florida|isbn=1-58112-933-5}}</ref>

2012-yil holatiga koʻra, orol aholisi 1953-kishini tashkil qiladi.<ref>{{veb manbasi|sarlavha=Abūmūsā: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population|url=http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-106&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-5101|til=en|ish=World Gazetteer|kirish sanasi=2012-04-22 |arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110628184246/http://www.world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&geo=-106&srt=pnan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-5101|arxivsana=2011-06-28}}</ref>

Orolda {{Tarjima qilinmagan 5|aeroport Abu-Muso|aeroport||Abu Musa Airport}} va Shahriston Abumusning maʼmuriy markazi {{Tarjima qilinmagan 5|Abu-Muso (город)|Abu-Muso||Abu Musa, Iran}} shahri mavjud.

Geologik tadqiqotlar Abu Muso oroli hududida katta neft zaxiralari mavjudligini aniqladi. Orolda Eron dengizda qutqaruv markazi binolari va kemalarni roʻyxatga olish binosi qurilgan. Abu Muso orolining suvlarida Eron dengiz flotining manevrlari muntazam ravishda oʻtkaziladi<ref>{{veb manbasi|muallif=Левченко, Александр|url=https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/1472828|sarlavha=Иран вновь заявил в ООН о своих правах на три острова в Персидском заливе|nashriyot=[[ТАСС]]|sana=2014-09-28|kirish sanasi=2022-02-19|arxivsana=2022-02-20|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220214221/https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/1472828}}</ref>.

== Nomi ==
Orol aholisi uni „Gap-sabzu“ deb ataydi, bu forscha „Buyuk yashil maysazor“ degan maʼnoni anglatadi. Qadimgi xaritalarda orol quyidagicha belgilangan:

# „Boum-Ouw“ ({{lang-fa|بوماوو}} &#x200E; <small>"Boum-Ouv"</small>) yoki „Boum-Ouf“ (pers {{lang-fa|بوماوف}} &#x200E;, bu „hoʻl tuproq“ degan maʼnoni anglatadi.
# „Boum-Souz“ (pers {{lang-fa|بومسوز}} &#x200E; <small>"Boum-Souza"</small>), „Boum-Sou“ / „Boum-Souw“ ({{lang-fa|بومسو}} &#x200E; <small>"Boum-Sou" / „Boum-Souza“</small>) yoki „Gap-Sabzou“ (pers {{lang-fa|گپسبزو}} &#x200E; <small>"Gap-Sapzou"</small>), bu fors tilida „Yashil mamlakat“ degan maʼnoni anglatadi.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{veb manbasi|muallif=|url=http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/bibliographic/1924051|sarlavha=عجم، مجمد. «اسناد نام خلیج فارس میراثی کهن و جاودان». تهران: اوين، ۱۳۸۸|til=|ish=opac.nlai.ir|sana=|kirish sanasi=2020-03-01|arxivsana=2014-04-07|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407102050/http://opac.nlai.ir/opac-prod/bibliographic/1924051}}</ref>

Orol „Bum Musa“ <small>(„Bum Musa“)</small> deb ham ataladi, bu forschada „Muso yurti“ degan maʼnoni anglatadi<ref name="autogenerated1"/>.

== Geografiya ==
Orol Bandar- Lenge portidan (Shahriston Bandar — Lenge maʼmuriy markazi) 75 km va Hormuz boʻgʻozidan ({{Tarjima qilinmagan 5|Шейх-Масъуд||ceb|Ra's Shaykh Masʻūd}}, [[Ummon Sultonligi|Ummon]]) 123,3 km uzoqlikda joylashgan. Abu Muso — Fors koʻrfazining Eron qirgʻoqlaridan eng uzoqda joylashgan orol. Eng baland joyi Halva togʻi boʻlib, balandligi 110 m<ref name="Mojtahed-Zadeh2007">{{kitob manbasi|title=Boundary Politics and International Boundaries of Iran: A Study of the Origin, Evolution, and Implications of the Boundaries of Modern Iran with Its 1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9o0IRPpvDjkC&pg=PA305|publisher={{iw|Universal Publishers (United States)|Universal-Publishers|en|Universal Publishers (United States)}}|isbn=978-1-58112-933-5|pages=305—|author=Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh|year=2007}}</ref>

Shimoldan janubga uzunligi 4,85 km<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=https://www.google.ru/maps/place/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83-%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0/%4025.8742724%2C55.0177554%2C6608m/data%3D%213m1%211e3%214m13%211m7%213m6%211s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29%3A0x3fbc316e33dea3d5%212z0JDQsdGDLdCc0YPRgdCw%213b1%218m2%213d25.8797106%214d55.0328017%213m4%211s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29%3A0x3fbc316e33dea3d5%218m2%213d25.8797106%214d55.0328017|sarlavha=Google Maps<!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом -->|kirish sanasi=2022-05-24|arxivsana=2020-03-02|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302221743/https://www.google.ru/maps/place/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583-%25D0%259C%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0/@25.8742724,55.0177554,6608m/data%3D!3m1!1e3!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29:0x3fbc316e33dea3d5!2z0JDQsdGDLdCc0YPRgdCw!3b1!8m2!3d25.8797106!4d55.0328017!3m4!1s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29:0x3fbc316e33dea3d5!8m2!3d25.8797106!4d55.0328017}}</ref>, gʻarbdan sharqqa 4,53 km<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=https://www.google.ru/maps/place/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83-%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0/%4025.8750321%2C55.0169134%2C5733m/data%3D%213m1%211e3%214m13%211m7%213m6%211s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29%3A0x3fbc316e33dea3d5%212z0JDQsdGDLdCc0YPRgdCw%213b1%218m2%213d25.8797106%214d55.0328017%213m4%211s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29%3A0x3fbc316e33dea3d5%218m2%213d25.8797106%214d55.0328017|sarlavha=Google Maps<!-- Заголовок добавлен ботом -->|kirish sanasi=2022-05-24|arxivsana=2020-03-02|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302221746/https://www.google.ru/maps/place/%25D0%2590%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583-%25D0%259C%25D1%2583%25D1%2581%25D0%25B0/@25.8750321,55.0169134,5733m/data%3D!3m1!1e3!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29:0x3fbc316e33dea3d5!2z0JDQsdGDLdCc0YPRgdCw!3b1!8m2!3d25.8797106!4d55.0328017!3m4!1s0x3e58eeb3871b4b29:0x3fbc316e33dea3d5!8m2!3d25.8797106!4d55.0328017}}</ref>.

== Iqlim ==
Issiq va nam. Mahalliy aholining asosiy mashgʻuloti baliqchilikdir.

== Kuch ==
[[Fayl:Abu_Musa_and_Greater_and_Lesser_Tunbs_in_Iran_and_Turan_Map_by_Adolf_Stieler_map_1891.JPG|right|thumb|250x250px| Abu Muso Adolf Shtayner tomonidan 1891-yilgi xaritada]]
[[Fayl:SheikSaghar.jpg|thumb|250x250px| Shayx Sagar Eron askarlarini salomlash, 1971-yil|left]]
Eronning orol hududini boshqarishi BAA tomonidan bahsli.<ref name="estimate">{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.theestimate.com/public/072401.html|sarlavha="Abu Musa and The Tumbs: The Dispute That Won't Go Away, Part Two," 28-iyul 2001-yil, in ''The Estimate,'' vol. XIII, no. 3|til=en|ish=TheEstimate.com|kirish sanasi=2008-01-06|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071215021736/http://www.theestimate.com/public/072401.html|arxivsana=2007-12-15}}</ref><ref name="iran">{{veb manbasi|ish=Iranian.ws|til=en|url=http://www.iranian.ws/iran_news/publish/article_23722.shtml|sarlavha="Iran, its territorial integrity in the Persian gulf region|sana=2007-12-20|kirish sanasi=2012-11-24|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225073303/http://www.iranian.ws/iran_news/publish/article_23722.shtml|arxivsana=2007-12-25}}</ref><ref name="wi">{{veb manbasi|url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/templateC05.php?CID=2691|sarlavha=«Unwanted Guest: The Gulf Summit and Iran»|sana=2007-12-07|til=en|ish=The Washington Institute|arxivurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6CpqvvoFN?url=https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/unwanted-guest-the-gulf-summit-and-iran|arxivsana=2012-12-11}}</ref> Abu Musoning egaligi haqidagi bahs 1974-yildan beri davom etib keladi. Orol 20 asr boshidan Eron nazorati ostida.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{kitob manbasi|title=Countries and boundaries in the geopolitical region of the Persian Gulf|year=1993|publisher=The Institute for Political and International Studies|ref=Mojtahedzadeh|author=Mojtahedzadeh, Pirouz}}</ref> 1906-yilda oroldagi temir oksidi koni Germaniyaning Winkhaus kompaniyasiga berilgan. 1907-yilda Britaniya imperiyasining talabi bilan orol Eronga qaytarildi, natijada xalqaro voqea qoʻzgʻatildi.<ref>{{kitob manbasi|title=The Cambridge History of Iran|volume=7|year=2007|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-20095-0|pages=605|edition=Third|chapter=16|author={{iw|European Economic Penetration|Issawi, Charles|en|European Economic Penetration}}|agency=Peter Avery et al.}}</ref> 1908-yildan beri Britaniya nazorati ostida.

1960-yilda u orol ustidan nazoratni oʻzi bosib olgan Sharja (hozirgi BAAning bir qismi) amirligiga topshirdi. 1968-yilda u Abu Musoning Eronga qaytishini eʼlon qildi. 1971-yil 30-noyabrda Eron va Sharja oʻzaro anglashuv shartnomasini imzoladilar. Kelishuvga koʻra, Sharja orolda politsiya uchastkasini, Eron esa qoʻshinlarini saqlashi mumkin edi<ref name="pgpm"/>. Ikki tomon ham orolda foydali qazilmalarni qazib olishlari mumkin edi.

Bir kun avval [[Birlashgan Qirollik|Buyuk Britaniya]] rasman orolni tark etdi. Eron oʻz qoʻshinlarini u yerda joylashtirdi va buni Sharja shayxining ukasi Shayx Sagar<ref name="autogenerated2">{{kitob manbasi|title=Security and territoriality in the Persian Gulf|year=1999|publisher=[[Routledge|RoutledgeCurzon]]|location=London|isbn=0-7007-1098-1|pages=214|author=Mojtahedzadeh, Pirouz}}</ref> tasdiqladi.

1971-yilda BAA orolni boshqarish toʻgʻrisida BMTga talab qoʻydi, ammo [[Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining Xavfsizlik Kengashi|BMT Xavfsizlik Kengashi]] tomonidan rad etildi<ref>{{kitob manbasi|title=The Three Occupied Islands of the UAE: The Tunbs and Abu Musa|url=https://archive.org/details/threeoccupieduae0000matt|year=2005|publisher=Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research|location=Abu Dhabi|isbn=9948-00-765-4|author=Mattair, Thomas}}</ref><ref name="United Nations 1971">{{Статья|язык en|title=Twenty-sixth Year, Supplement for October, November and December 1971|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AUN_DOC_S_PV_1610_Security_Council_official_records%2C_26th_year%2C_1610th_meeting%2C_9_December_1971.djvu}}</ref>.

1992-yil avgust oyida Eron orolni bosib oldi va uning aholisini materikga quvib chiqardi<ref>{{veb manbasi|muallif=Кузнецов, Игорь|url=https://ria.ru/20011130/26069.html|sarlavha=В связи с 30-й годовщиной оккупации Ираном трех эмиратских островов Национальное собрание ОАЭ призвало Тегеран мирным путем решить территориальный спор|nashriyot=[[РИА Новости]]|sana=2001-11-30|kirish sanasi=2022-02-19|arxivsana=2022-02-20|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220205321/https://ria.ru/20011130/26069.html}}</ref>.

2012-yilda Eron prezidenti [[Mahmud Ahmadinajod|Mahmud Ahmadinajodning]] orolga kelishi BAA elchisi Seyf Al-Zaabining chaqirib olinishiga sabab boʻldi<ref>{{veb manbasi|til=en|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/12/world/meast/uae-iran-ambassador-recall/|sarlavha=Ahmadinejad’s visit to island prompts UAE to recall Iran ambassador|ish=[[CNN.com]]|sana=2012-04-12|kirish sanasi=2020-03-01|arxivsana=2020-03-01|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301184342/https://edition.cnn.com/2012/04/12/world/meast/uae-iran-ambassador-recall/}}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

== Havolalar ==
* {{veb manbasi|url=http://www.geocities.com/abu_musa_town/|sarlavha=History, description, map of Abu Musa and nearby islands|til=en|ish=geocities.com|arxivurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5klXnnLVg?url=http://www.geocities.com/abu_musa_town/|arxivsana=2009-10-24}}
* {{veb manbasi|sarlavha=History of Abu Musa and The Tunbs|url=http://thepersiangulf.org/abumusaandthetunbs.html|til=en|ish=ThePersianGulf.org|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060106134449/http://thepersiangulf.org/abumusaandthetunbs.html|arxivsana=2006-01-06}}
* {{veb manbasi|sarlavha=UAE Interact Abu Musa News|url=http://www.uaeinteract.com/news/?ID=147|til=en|ish=UAEInteract.com|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525003743/http://www.uaeinteract.com/news/?ID=147|arxivsana=2011-05-25}}
* {{veb manbasi|url=http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/iran/facility/abu-musa.htm|sarlavha=Abu Musa’s military garrison|til=en|ish=[[Федерация американских учёных|FAS.org]]|kirish sanasi=2020-03-01|qaralgan sana=2022-06-20|arxivsana=2021-03-31|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210331225246/http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/iran/facility/abu-musa.htm}}
* {{veb manbasi|url=http://www.american.edu/ted/abumusa.htm|sarlavha=Dispute between Iran and Sharjah|til=en|ish=American University, Washington, D.C.|kirish sanasi=2020-03-01}}
* {{veb manbasi|url=http://www.parstimes.com/news/archive/2002/maritime_boundaries.html|sarlavha=Maritime Boundaries in the Persian Gulf: the case of Tunb and Abu Musa Islands|til=en|ish=Pars Times|sana=2002-10|kirish sanasi=2021-11-08|muallif=Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh}}
* {{veb manbasi|muallif=Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh|url=http://www.netnative.com/news/02/oct/1053.html|sarlavha=Report of the International symposium on Modern Boundaries of Iran — Problems and practices of Iranian boundaries|til=en|ish=Payvand Iran News|sana=2002-10-15|kirish sanasi=2021-11-08|arxivsana=2019-08-27|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827132323/http://www.netnative.com/news/02/oct/1053.html}}

[[Turkum:Osiyo orollari]]
[[Turkum:Eron orollari]]
[[Turkum:Fors koʻrfazi orollari]]