Alabama iqtisodiyoti sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

[[Fayl:RTJattheshoals.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/RTJattheshoals.jpg/220px-RTJattheshoals.jpg|left|thumb| Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail shtatga katta iqtisodiy taʼsir koʻrsatadi.]]

[[Alabama|Alabama shtati]] – [[aerokosmika]], [[taʼlim]], [[sogʻliqni saqlash]], [[bank]] va turli ogʻir sanoat tarmoqlariga, jumladan, [[avtomobilsozlik]], mineral qazib olish, poʻlat ishlab chiqarishga sarmoya kiritdi. 2006-yilga kelib, Alabamada oʻsimlik va chorvachilik mahsulotlari 1,5 milliard dollarga baholandi. Oʻtgan asrning asosan qishloq xoʻjaligi iqtisodiyotidan farqli oʻlaroq, bu davlat [[Yalpi ichki mahsulot|yalpi ichki mahsulotining]] atigi 1 % ini tashkil etdi. 1960-yillardan boshlab xususiy fermer xoʻjaliklari soni barqaror surʼatda kamaydi, chunki shu davrda xoʻjalik yerlari mahsulot ishlab chiqaruvchilar, yogʻoch ishlab chiqaruvchi kompaniyalar va yirik fermer xoʻjaliklari konglomeratlariga sotila boshlagan edi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2330|sarlavha=Food Production in Alabama|muallif=Ijaz|ism=Ahmad|sana=July 6, 2009|ish=The Encyclopedia of Alabama|nashriyot=Auburn University|kirish sanasi=September 22, 2012|qaralgan sana=2022-10-11|arxivsana=2013-01-17|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117053325/http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2330}}</ref>.

2008-yilda qishloq xoʻjaligidan tashqari bandlik 121 800 nafar kishini qamrab oldi: tadbirkorlik va moliyaviy operatsiyalarda 71 750 nafar; kompyuter bilan bogʻliq va matematika sohasidagi kasblarda 36 790 nafar; arxitektura va muhandislikda 44,200 nafar; hayotiy, fizikaviy va ijtimoiy fanlarda 12 410 nafar; jamiyat va ijtimoiy xizmatlarda 32 260 nafar; yuridik kasbda 12 770 nafar; taʼlim, kadrlar tayyorlash va kutubxona xizmatlarida 116 250 nafar; sanʼat, dizayn va ommaviy axborot vositalarida 27 840 nafar; sogʻliqni saqlash sohasida 121 110 nafar; yongʻinga qarshi kurash, huquqni muhofaza qilish va xavfsizlik sohasida 44 750 nafar; taom tayyorlash va xizmat koʻrsatishda 154 040; bino va maydonlarni tozalash va saqlashda 76 650 nafar; shaxsiy parvarish va xizmatlarda 53 230 nafar; sotuvda 244 510 nafar; ofis va maʼmuriyatni qoʻllab-quvvatlashda 338 760 nafar; dehqonchilik, baliqchilik va oʻrmon xoʻjaligida 20510 nafar; qurilish va konchilik, gaz va neft qazib olishda 120 155 nafar; texnika oʻrnatish, texnik xizmat koʻrsatish va taʼmirlashda 106 280 nafar; ishlab chiqarishda 224 110 nafar hamda transport va materiallarni tashishda 167 160 nafar<ref name="alaindustrial">{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www2.dir.alabama.gov/projections/Occupational/Proj2018/Statewide/alabama2008_2018.pdf|sarlavha=Alabama Occupational Projections 2008–2018|ish=Alabama Department of Industrial Relations|nashriyot=State of Alabama|kirish sanasi=September 22, 2012|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117053325/http://www2.dir.alabama.gov/projections/Occupational/Proj2018/Statewide/alabama2008_2018.pdf|arxivsana=January 17, 2013}}</ref>.
[[Fayl:Center_Court_of_the_Riverchase_Galleria.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Center_Court_of_the_Riverchase_Galleria.jpg/200px-Center_Court_of_the_Riverchase_Galleria.jpg|right|thumb| Guverdagi Riverchase Galleria — janubi-sharqdagi eng yirik savdo markazlaridan biri]]
AQSh Iqtisodiy tahlil byurosi maʼlumotlariga koʻra, 2008-yilda umumiy yalpi ichki mahsulot 170 milliard dollarni tashkil qilgan yoki aholi jon boshiga 29 411 dollardan toʻgʻri kelgan. Alabama shtatining 2012-yildagi yalpi ichki mahsuloti oʻtgan yilga nisbatan 1,2 foizga oshdi. Shulardan eng katta oʻsish axborot sohasida kuzatildi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/gdp_state/gsp_newsrelease.htm|sarlavha=GDP by State (2008)|sana=June 2, 2009|ish=Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Accounts|kirish sanasi=October 9, 2009}} [https://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/gdp_state/2009/pdf/gsp0609.pdf full release with tables] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170630210541/https://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/regional/gdp_state/2009/pdf/gsp0609.pdf}}</ref>. 2010-yilda davlat uchun aholi jon boshiga daromad 22 984 dollarni tashkil etdi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000.html|sarlavha=United States Census Bureau|kirish sanasi=February 25, 2012|ish=State and County Quick Facts|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120226182304/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01000.html|arxivsana=February 26, 2012}}</ref>.

Shtatning mavsumiy tuzatilgan ishsizlik darajasi 2015-yil aprel oyida 5,8 % ni tashkil etdi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=Local Area Unemployment Statistics – Alabama|ish=Bureau of Labor Statistics|url=http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?la+01|kirish sanasi=June 15, 2013}}</ref>. Bu butun mamlakat boʻylab mavsumiy tuzatilgan 5,4 % ga nisbatan hisoblangan koʻrsatkichdir<ref>{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=Bureau of Labor Statistics Data|url=http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?bls|nashriyot=United States Department of Labor|kirish sanasi=July 6, 2015}}</ref>.

Alabama shtatida eng kam ish haqi yoʻq va u federal eng kam ish haqi — 7,25 dollardan foydalanadi. 2016-yil fevral oyida shtat Alabama munitsipalitetlariga oʻz hududida eng kam ish haqini oshirishga toʻsqinlik qiluvchi qonun qabul qildi. Qonun Birmingham shahrining eng kam ish haqini 10,10 dollarga koʻtarish haqidagi qarorini bekor qilgan<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Kasperkevic |first=Jana |date=February 26, 2016 |title=Alabama passes law banning cities and towns from increasing minimum wage |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/feb/26/alabama-passes-law-banning-minimum-wage-increase}}</ref>.

2018-yil holatiga koʻra, Alabama AQShdagi shtatlar orasida qashshoqlik darajasi boʻyicha oltinchi oʻrinda turadi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://alabamapossible.org/ap_povertyfactsheet_2018_web/|sarlavha=AP_PovertyFactSheet_2018_Web|ism=Kristina|muallif=Scott}}</ref>. 2017-yilda Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining maxsus maʼruzachisi Philip Alston Alabama shtatining bir qismini aylanib chiqdi va atrof-muhit sharoitlari u rivojlangan dunyoda koʻrgan har qanday joydan ham qashshoqroq ekaniga iqror boʻldi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Ballesteros |first=Carlos |date=December 10, 2017 |title=Alabama Has the Worst Poverty in the Developed World, U.N. Official Says |work=Newsweek |url=https://www.newsweek.com/alabama-un-poverty-environmental-racism-743601 |access-date=September 13, 2018}}</ref>.

== Eng yirik ish beruvchilar ==
[[Fayl:Enterprise_lifted.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Enterprise_lifted.jpg/220px-Enterprise_lifted.jpg|thumb| Space Shuttle ''Enterprise'' 1978-yilda Marshall kosmik parvozlar markazida sinovdan oʻtkazilmoqda]]
[[Fayl:Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama_Highsmith_01.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama_Highsmith_01.jpg/220px-Hyundai_Motor_Manufacturing_Alabama_Highsmith_01.jpg|thumb| Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama, Montgomery, 2010-yil]]
[[Fayl:Shelbyhallcomputing.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Shelbyhallcomputing.JPG/220px-Shelbyhallcomputing.JPG|thumb| Shelby Hall, Mobileda Janubiy Alabama universitetidagi Hisoblash maktabi]]
[[Fayl:Air_Force_One_departs_Maxwell_150307-F-ZI558-0943.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Air_Force_One_departs_Maxwell_150307-F-ZI558-0943.jpg/220px-Air_Force_One_departs_Maxwell_150307-F-ZI558-0943.jpg|thumb| Air Force One 2015-yilda Maxwell havo kuchlari bazasini tark etmoqda]]
2011-yil aprel oyida Alabama shtatida eng koʻp ishchilarni ish bilan taʼminlagan beshta ish beruvchilar roʻyxati<ref name="bbjournal">Aneesa Macmillan. „[http://www.bizjournals.com/birmingham/blog/2011/04/top-of-the-list-alabamas-largest.html Top of the List: Alabamaʼs largest employers]“ (April 22, 2011). ''Birmingham Business Journal''.</ref>:
{| class="wikitable"
!Ish beruvchi
! Xodimlar
|-
| Redstone Arsenal
| 25 373
|-
| Birminghamdagi Alabama universiteti (UAB kasalxonasini oʻz ichiga oladi)
| 18 750
|-
| Maxwell havo kuchlari bazasi
| 12 280
|-
| Alabama shtati
| 9500
|-
| Mobile tuman davlat maktabi tizimi
| 8100
|}
2011-yil holatiga koʻra kiritilgan keyingi yigirmata eng yirik ish beruvchilar<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.americanregistry.com/recognition/alabamas-largest-employers/116523|sarlavha=Alabama's Largest Employers|sana=April 2011|ish=Birmingham Business Journal|nashriyot=American Registry|kirish sanasi=September 19, 2012}}</ref>:
{| class="wikitable"
!Ish beruvchi
! Manzil
|-
| Anniston armiyasi ombori
| [[Anniston (Alabama)|Anniston]]
|-
| [[AT&T]]
| Bir nechta
|-
| Auburn universiteti
| [[Auburn (Alabama)|Auburn]]
|-
| Baptist janubiy tibbiyot markazi
| [[Montgomery (Alabama)|Montgomery]]
|-
| Birmingham shahar maktablari
| [[Birmingham (Alabama)|Birmingham]]
|-
| [[Birmingham (Alabama)|Birmingham shahri]]
| Birmingham
|-
| DCH sogʻliqni saqlash tizimi
| [[Tuscaloosa (Alabama)|Tuscaloosa]]
|-
| Huntsville shahar maktablari
| [[Huntsville (Alabama)|Huntsville]]
|-
| Huntsville kasalxonasi tizimi
| Huntsville
|-
| Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama
| Montgomery
|-
| Tibbiyot tizimi
| [[Mobile (Alabama)|Mobile]]
|-
| Jefferson okrugi taʼlim kengashi
| Birmingham
|-
| Marshall kosmik parvozlar markazi
| Huntsville
|-
| Mercedes-Benz US International
| Vance
|-
| Montgomery davlat maktablari
| Montgomery
|-
| Mintaqalar moliya korporatsiyasi
| Bir nechta
|-
| [[Boeing]]
| Bir nechta
|-
| Alabama universiteti
| Tuscaloosa
|-
| Janubiy Alabama universiteti
| Mobile
|-
| [[Walmart]]
| Bir nechta
|}

== Qishloq xoʻjaligi ==
Alabama qishloq xoʻjaligi mahsulotlari orasiga parrandachilik, tuxum, qoramol, baliq, oʻsimlik koʻchatlari, yeryongʻoq, paxta, makkajoʻxori va [[Joʻxori|joʻxori]] kabi donlar, sabzavotlar, sut, soya va shaftoli kiradi. Garchi „Paxta shtati“ nomi bilan tanilgan boʻlsa-da, Alabama milliy paxta ishlab chiqarish boʻyicha sakkizinchi va turli maʼlumotlarga koʻra, oʻninchi oʻrinda turadi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://cber.cba.ua.edu/pdf/ab2005q4.pdf|sarlavha=Alabama and CBER: 75 Years of Change|kirish sanasi=September 23, 2006|yil=2005|ish=Alabama Business|nashriyot=Center for Business and Economic Research, Culverhouse College of Commerce, The University of Alabama|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927141609/http://cber.cba.ua.edu/pdf/ab2005q4.pdf|arxivsana=September 27, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.aces.edu/dept/nass/bulletin/2005/pg05.pdf|sarlavha=State Highlights for 2004–2005|kirish sanasi=September 23, 2006|yil=2005|ish=Alabama Cooperative Extension System|nashriyot=USDA, NASS, Alabama Statistical Office|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060921005808/http://www.aces.edu/dept/nass/bulletin/2005/pg05.pdf|arxivsana=September 21, 2006}}</ref>, paxta yetishtirish [[Texas]], [[Jorjiya]] va [[Mississippi|Missisipi shtatlari]] birinchi uchlikka kiradi.

== Sanoat ==
Alabama shtatining sanoat mahsulotlari orasiga temir va poʻlat mahsulotlari (shu jumladan, quyma temir va poʻlat quvurlar); qogʻoz, yogʻoch va yogʻoch mahsulotlari; qazib olish (asosan koʻmir); plastik mahsulotlar; yengil va yuk mashinalari hamda [[Kiyim|kiyim-kechaklar]] kiradi. Bundan tashqari, Alabama aerokosmik va [[Elektronika|elektron]] mahsulotlarni ishlab chiqaradi, bunday ishlab chiqarishlar asosan [[Huntsville (Alabama)|Huntsville]] hududida joylashgan, jumladan [[NASA|NASAning]] George Marshall kosmik parvozlar markazi va shtab-kvartirasi Redstone Arsenalda joylashgan AQSh armiyasining moddiy-texnik qoʻmondonligi shu yer tarkibiga kiradi.
[[Fayl:Mercedes_Benz_US_International_01.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Mercedes_Benz_US_International_01.jpg/220px-Mercedes_Benz_US_International_01.jpg|thumb| Tuscaloosa okrugidagi Mercedes-Benz US International shtat ichida joylashgan birinchi avtomobil zavodi edi]]
1990-yillardan beri Alabama iqtisodiy oʻsishining katta qismi shtatning avtomobilsozlik sanoatining kengayishi bilan bogʻliq. Shtatda katta avtomobilsozlik zavodlaridan Honda Manufacturing of Alabama, Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama, Mercedes-Benz US International va Toyota Motor Manufacturing Alabama, shuningdek ularning turli yetkazib beruvchilari joylashgan. 1993-yildan beri avtomobil sanoati shtatda 67,8 mingdan ortiq yangi ish oʻrinlarini yaratdi. Alabama hozirda avtomobil eksporti boʻyicha mamlakatda 4-oʻrinni egallaydi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2008_fotw539.html|sarlavha=Vehicle Technologies Program: Fact #539: October 6, 2008, Light Vehicle Production by State|nashriyot=.eere.energy.gov|sana=October 6, 2008|kirish sanasi=October 24, 2010|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006202740/http://www1.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/facts/2008_fotw539.html|arxivsana=October 6, 2008}}</ref>.

2012-yilda shtatdagi sanoat oʻsishining taxminan uchdan bir qismi avtomobil ishlab chiqaruvchilar hissasiga to‘g‘ri keldi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=McCreless |first=Patrick |date=October 31, 2012 |title=Automakers account for about a third of the state's industrial expansion |work=The Anniston Star |url=http://www.annistonstar.com/view/full_story/20677539/article-Automakers-account-for-about-a-third-of-the-state-s-industrial-expansion?instance=home_news#ixzz2DioLu4sx |url-status=dead |access-date=June 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022035218/http://www.annistonstar.com/view/full_story/20677539/article-Automakers-account-for-about-a-third-of-the-state-s-industrial-expansion?instance=home_news#ixzz2DioLu4sx |archive-date=October 22, 2013}}</ref>. Shtat avtozavodlarida ishlab chiqarilgan sakkizta model asosida 2012-yilda jami 74 335 ta avtomobil sotilgan. Ushbu davrdagi eng kuchli model sotuvi Hyundai Elantra ixcham avtomobili, [[Mercedes-Benz GL-класс|Mercedes-Benz GL-Class]] sport avtomobili va Honda Ridgeline sport yuk mashinasi hissasiga toʻgʻri keldi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Kent |first=Dawn |date=April 2, 2013 |title=U.S. auto sales see gains in March, as Alabama-made models rise 4 percent |publisher=AL.com |url=http://www.al.com/business/index.ssf/2013/04/us_auto_sales_see_gains_in_mar.html |access-date=June 15, 2013}}</ref>.
[[Fayl:Airbus_Mobile_Engineering_Center.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Airbus_Mobile_Engineering_Center.jpg/220px-Airbus_Mobile_Engineering_Center.jpg|left|thumb| Mobileda Brookley Aeroplexdagi Airbus Mobile muhandislik markazi]]
Poʻlat ishlab chiqaruvchilari Outokumpu, Nucor, SSAB, ThyssenKrupp va US Steel Alabama shtatida zavodlarga ega va 10 000 dan ortiq odamni ish bilan taʼminlaydi. 2007-yil may oyida nemis poʻlat ishlab chiqaruvchisi ThyssenKrupp [[Mobile County|Mobile Countydagi]] Calvertni 4,65 milliard dollarga [[Zanglamas poʻlat|zanglamaydigan]] va karbonli poʻlatga ishlov berish zavodi ochish uchun tanladi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=May 11, 2007 |title=ThyssenKrupp's Alabama incentive package tops $811&nbsp;million |work=Press-Register |url=http://blog.al.com/live/2007/05/mobile_county_wins_thyssenkrup.html |url-status=live |access-date=July 22, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/20110726144848/http://blog.al.com/live/2007/05/mobile_county_wins_thyssenkrup.html |archive-date=July 26, 2011}}</ref>. ThyssenKrupp kompaniyasining Inoxum zanglamaydigan poʻlat yasaladigan boʻlimi, shu jumladan Calvert zavodining zanglamaydigan poʻlat ishlab chiqaruvchi qismi 2012-yilda [[Finlandiya|Finlandiyaning]] Outokumpu zanglamaydigan poʻlat kompaniyasiga sotilgan<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=May 31, 2012 |title=New owners of ThyssenKrupp stainless steel division plan visit in June |work=Press-Register |url=http://blog.al.com/press-register-business/2012/05/new_owners_of_thyssenkrupp_sta.html |access-date=June 15, 2013}}</ref>. ThyssenKrupp zavodining qolgan qismi 2013-yil mart oyida ArcelorMittal va Nippon Steel tomonidan 1,6 milliard dollarga taklif qilingan yakuniy takliflarga ega edi. Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional Calvertdagi zavodni va Braziliyadagi ThyssenKrupp zavodidagi asosiy ulushni 3,8 milliard dollarga sotib olish toʻgʻrisida umumiy taklifni taqdim etdi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=March 1, 2013 |title=Report: ThyssenKrupp gets final bids for Steel Americas plants |publisher=AL.com |url=http://www.al.com/business/index.ssf/2013/03/report_thyssenkrupp_gets_final.html |access-date=June 15, 2013}}</ref>. 2013-yil iyul oyida zavod ArcelorMittal va Nippon Steel kompaniyalariga sotilgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.stahl-online.de/index.php/alabama-ende-2014-bei-voller-kapazitaet/|sarlavha=Alabama: Ende 2014 bei voller Kapazität – stahl-online.de|ish=stahl-online.de|kirish sanasi=July 21, 2015|arxivsana=2015-09-24|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924105627/http://www.stahl-online.de/index.php/alabama-ende-2014-bei-voller-kapazitaet/}}</ref>.

Hunt Consolidated, Inc.ning shoʻba korxonasi boʻlgan Hunt Refining Company Tuscaloosada joylashgan va u yerda neftni qayta ishlash zavodini boshqaradi. Kompaniya, shuningdek, Mobile, Melvin va Moundville shaharlaridagi terminallarni boshqaradi<ref>"[http://www.linkedin.com/company/hunt-refining-company Hunt Refining Company]." Linkedin.</ref>. JVC America, Inc. kompaniyasi Tuscaloosada optik disklarni nusxalash va qadoqlash zavodiga egalik qiladi<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20130117053326/http://www.jvc-america.com/about/plant_locations.aspx Company Overview]." JVC America, Inc.</ref>.

Goodyear Tire and Rubber kompaniyasi [[Gadsden (Alabama)|Gadsden]] shahrida 1400 ga yaqin odamni ish bilan taʼminlaydigan yirik zavodga egalik qiladi. U Alabamada 1929-yildan beri ishlaydi.

Mobileda [[Airbus A320]] samolyotlarini yig‘ish zavodi qurilishi haqidagi xabarlarni [[Airbus]] bosh direktori Fabris Bregier 2012-yil 2-iyul kuni Mobile konferensiya markazidan rasman eʼlon qildi. Bu haqidagi rejalar tarkibiga A319, A320 va A321 samolyotlarini yigʻish uchun Brookley Aeroplexdagi quriladigan 600 million dollarlik zavod kiradi. Qurilish 2013-yilda boshlangan, 2015-yilgacha foydalanishga topshirilishi rejalashtirilgan edi va 2017-yilga kelib yiliga 50 tagacha samolyot ishlab chiqarishi koʻzda tutilgan<ref name="apconfirm">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Melissa Nelson-Gabriel |date=July 2, 2012 |title=Airbus to Build 1st US Assembly Plant in Alabama |agency=Associated Press |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/officials-ala-airbus-plant-employ-1000-16690789 |access-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref><ref name="bbcconfirm">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |date=July 2, 2012 |title=Airbus confirms its first US factory to build A320 jet |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-18675711 |access-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref>. Yigʻish zavodi kompaniyaning [[Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari|Qoʻshma Shtatlarda]] qurilgan birinchi zavodidir<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Nicola Clark |title=EADS to Build United States Assembly Line for Airbus A320 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/03/business/global/eads-to-build-airbus-assembly-line-in-mobile-ala.html |access-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref>. 2013-yil 1-fevralda Airbus Alabama shtatidagi Hoar Construction kompaniyasini obyekt qurilishini nazorat qilish uchun yollagani eʼlon qilindi<ref name="airbusasby">{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=Airbus Appoints Program Manager for its Mobile Assembly Line|url=http://www.airbus.com/newsevents/news-events-single/detail/airbus-appoints-program-manager-for-its-mobile-assembly-line/|nashriyot=Airbus|kirish sanasi=February 7, 2013|arxivsana=2013-02-06|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130206110927/http://www.airbus.com/newsevents/news-events-single/detail/airbus-appoints-program-manager-for-its-mobile-assembly-line/}}</ref>. 2015-yil 14-sentyabrda korxonada ishlab chiqarish boshlandi<ref name=":0">{{Veb manbasi|muallif=Underwood|ism=Jerry|sana=September 23, 2020|sarlavha=Airbus marks 5 years of aircraft production at Alabama facility|url=https://www.madeinalabama.com/2020/09/airbus-marks-5-years-of-aircraft-production-at-alabama-facility/|kirish sanasi=2021-08-01|ish=Made in Alabama|til=en|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003124222/https://www.madeinalabama.com/2020/09/airbus-marks-5-years-of-aircraft-production-at-alabama-facility/|arxivsana=2020-10-03}}</ref>. 2020-yilda Airbus zavodda ikkinchi yigʻish liniyasini ochdi<ref name=":0" />.

== Turizm va oʻyin-kulgi ==
[[Fayl:GulfShoresAlBeachJuly08B.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/GulfShoresAlBeachJuly08B.jpg/220px-GulfShoresAlBeachJuly08B.jpg|right|thumb| Alabama plyajlari shtatning asosiy sayyohlik joylaridan biri hisoblanadi]]
Turizm shtatda kuchli sanoatdir. Business Insider maʼlumotlariga koʻra, Alabama 2014-yilda tashrif buyuradigan eng mashhur shtatlar orasida 14-oʻrinni egalladi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-most-popular-us-states-for-tourism-2014-10|sarlavha=A Detailed Look At How Americans Travel Within The US|ism=Jennifer|muallif=Polland|ish=Business Insider}}</ref>. 2018-yilda shtatga taxminan 26 million sayyoh tashrif buyurgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.al.com/news/2018/05/tourist_spending_in_alabama_hi.html|sarlavha=Tourist spending in Alabama hit all-time high in 2017|sana=May 23, 2018|ish=al}}</ref>. Ularning 100 000 dan ortigʻi boshqa mamlakatlardan, jumladan, Kanada, [[Birlashgan Qirollik|Buyuk Britaniya]], Germaniya va Yaponiyadan kelgan. 2006-yilda 22.3 million sayohatchilar tashrif buyurib, sayohat uchun 8,3 milliard dollar sarflagan va taxminan 162,000 ish oʻrinlarini ish bilan taʼminlagan<ref>[http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1268 Encyclopedia of Alabama] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921032943/http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1268 |date=2011-09-21 }}. Alabama Tourism Department (ATD)</ref><ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Fahrenthold |first=David A. |date=May 2, 2010 |title=Obama to survey environmental damage in gulf |page=A6 |publisher=Washington Pose |location=Washington, DC}}</ref>. 

Shtatda dunyoning turli burchaklaridan tashrif buyuruvchilarni jalb qiladigan turli diqqatga sazovor joylar, tabiiy xususiyatlar, bogʻlar va tadbirlar mavjud, bulardan eng diqqatga sazovorlari ushbulardir: [[Gulf Shores (Alabama)|Fors koʻrfazi qirgʻoqlarining]] jamoat plyajlarida oʻtkaziladigan yillik Hangout musiqa festivali; Alabama Shakespeare festivali — dunyodagi eng katta oʻnta Shakespeare festivalidan biri<ref name="encyclo">{{Cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1023|title=Alabama Shakespeare Festival (ASF)|author=Jim Volz|date=February 21, 2007|encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Alabama|publisher=Auburn University|accessdate=April 3, 2012|archivedate=2012-03-08|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308041406/http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-1023}}</ref>; Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail — shtat boʻylab tarqalgan golf maydonlari toʻplami; Victoryland kabi kazinolar; Alabama Splash Adventure kabi oʻyin parklari; janubi-sharqdagi eng yirik savdo markazlaridan biri Riverchase Galleria; Guntersville koʻli — Southern Living Magazine oʻquvchilari tomonidan Alabamadagi eng yaxshi koʻl deb ovoz berilgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-2621|sarlavha=Guntersville Dam and Lake|ish=Encyclopedia of Alabama}}</ref> va Alabama tabiiy tarix muzeyi — shtatdagi eng qadimgi muzey<ref>{{Veb manbasi|sarlavha=Planning Your Alabama Visit|url=http://alabama.travel/visitor-tips/planning|ish=alabama.travel.com|nashriyot=Sweet Home Alabama|kirish sanasi=September 16, 2016}}</ref>.
[[Fayl:Mardi_Gras_Mobile_Order_of_Inca.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Mardi_Gras_Mobile_Order_of_Inca.jpg/120px-Mardi_Gras_Mobile_Order_of_Inca.jpg|left|thumb| Mobile — AQShdagi Mardi Grasning tugʻilgan joyi]]
Mobile 1703-yildan boshlab Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlaridagi eng qadimgi Mardi Gras bayramini oʻtkazishi bilan mashhur<ref name="MoMtime">{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.museumofmobile.com/timeline.php|sarlavha=Carnival/Mobile Mardi Gras Timeline|ish=Museum of Mobile|nashriyot=Museum of Mobile|kirish sanasi=July 18, 2012}}</ref>. Shuningdek, u 1830-yilda Qoʻshma Shtatlarda birinchi rasmiy tashkil etilgan Mardi Gras paradiga mezbonlik qilgan, bu anʼana bugungi kungacha davom etmoqda<ref name="MoMtime" />. Mardi Gras [[Mobile County|Mobile]] va Bolduin okruglarida rasmiy davlat bayrami hisoblanadi<ref>{{Citation|journal=Alabama Code|pages=1–3–8(c)|title=HOLIDAYS ENUMERATED; PERSONAL LEAVE DAYS; STATE HOLIDAYS OBSERVED BY CLOSING OF STATE OFFICES; COMPENSATORY LEAVE DAYS|url=http://codes.lp.findlaw.com/alcode/1/3/1-3-8#sthash.22vLhFOr.dpuf|access-date=December 2, 2014}}</ref>.

2018-yilda Mobilening Mardi Gras paradi 892 811 kishi tashrif buyurgan eng koʻp sayyohlarni toʻplagan shtatdagi eng yaxshi tadbir boʻldi. Eng diqqatga sazovor joy 849 981 kishi tashrif buyurgan Huntsvilledagi AQSh kosmik va raketa markazi, keyin esa 543 090 tashrif buyuruvchi bilan Birmingham hayvonot bogʻi boʻldi. Parklar va tabiiy joylar orasida Alabama shtatining [[Fors koʻrfazi|Fors ko‘rfazi]] qirg‘og‘i 6 million 700 ming tashrif buyuruvchi bilan birinchi o‘rinni egalladi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.tuscaloosanews.com/news/20190128/alabama-ranks-top-tourist-attractions|sarlavha=Alabama ranks top tourist attractions|ism=Ken RobertsCity|muallif=Editor|ish=Tuscaloosa News}}</ref>.

Alabama tarixan xilma-xil landshaftlari va atrof-muhitning koʻrinishi tufayli kino suratga olish uchun mashhur mintaqa boʻlib kelgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.locationshub.com/blog/2013/10/27/four-alabama-filmed-movies-to-watch-in-2013|sarlavha=Four Alabama-Filmed Movies to Watch In 2013|ish=LocationsHub}}</ref>. Alabamada suratga olingan filmlar orasiga Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Get Out, 42, Selma, Big Fish, The Final Destination, Due Date, Need For Speed va boshqalar kiradi<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://birminghamwatch.org/growing-list-movies-made-alabama/|sarlavha=A Growing List of Movies Have Been Made in Alabama|ism=Jackie Romine|muallif=Walburn|sana=December 10, 2018}}</ref>.

== Sogʻliqni saqlash ==
UAB kasalxonasi Alabamadagi yagona I darajali travma markazidir<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.facs.org/trauma/verified.html|sarlavha=Verified Trauma Centers|sana=December 30, 2010|ish=American College of Surgeons, Verified Trauma Centers|kirish sanasi=January 9, 2011|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707233016/http://www.facs.org/trauma/verified.html|arxivsana=July 7, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://webspace.utexas.edu/jas5349/Research_Data.htm|sarlavha=College Research Data|ish=University of Texas|kirish sanasi=April 18, 2012|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404152129/https://webspace.utexas.edu/jas5349/Research_Data.htm|arxivsana=April 4, 2012}}</ref>. UAB Alabama shtatidagi eng yirik davlat ish beruvchisi boʻlib, 18 000 nafarga yaqin ishchi kuchiga ega<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.uab.edu/humanresources/home/|sarlavha=UAB – Human Resources – Home|ish=uab.edu|kirish sanasi=July 21, 2015}}</ref>. 2017-yilgi tadqiqot shuni koʻrsatdiki, Alabama mamlakatda eng kam raqobatbardosh tibbiy sugʻurta bozoriga ega: Alabamadagi Blue Cross va Blue Shield bozor ulushi 84 %, [[UnitedHealth Group]] esa 7 %<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.ama-assn.org/delivering-care/patient-support-advocacy/competition-health-insurance-research|sarlavha=Competition in health insurance research|ish=American Medical Association|til=en|kirish sanasi=June 15, 2019}}</ref>.

== Bank sohasi ==
[[Fayl:Birmingham_skyscrapers_Nov_2011.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Birmingham_skyscrapers_Nov_2011.jpg/220px-Birmingham_skyscrapers_Nov_2011.jpg|thumb| Birmingham moliyaviy tumanidagi Regions-Harbert Plaza, Regions Center va Wells Fargo Tower ]]
Regions Financial Corporation shtab-kvartirasi Alabamada joylashgan va faoliyat yurituvchi eng yirik bankdir. PNC Financial Services va [[Wells Fargo]] ham Alabama shtati iqtisodiyotida katta ishtirokka ega<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www7.fdic.gov/sod/sodMarketRpt.asp?barItem=2|sarlavha=Deposit Market Share Report|nashriyot=[[Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation]]|qaralgan sana=2022-10-11|arxivsana=2021-05-27|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527065621/https://www7.fdic.gov/sod/sodMarketRpt.asp?barItem=2}}</ref>.

Birminghamdagi [[Wells Fargo]] mintaqaviy shtab-kvartirasi, operatsion markaz kampusi va maʼlumotlar markazi 400 million dollarga ega. Koʻpgina kichik banklar Birmingham hududida joylashgan, jumladan ServisFirst va New South Federal Savings Bank shular ichiga kiradi. Birmingham, shuningdek, Harbert Management korporatsiyasini oʻz ichiga olgan bir qancha yirik investitsiya boshqaruv kompaniyalarining shtab-kvartirasi boʻlib ham xizmat qiladi.

=== Elektronika va aloqa ===
Ilgari BellSouth boʻlgan telekommunikatsiya provayderi [[AT&T]], Birminghamda bir nechta yirik ofislari bilan Alabama shtati iqtisodiyotida katta ishtirokka ega.

Koʻpgina texnologiya kompaniyalari shtab-kvartirasi Huntsvilleda joylashgan, masalan, ADTRAN — tarmoqqa kirish kompaniyasi, Intergraph — kompyuter grafikasi kompaniyasi va Avocent — IT infratuzilmasi kompaniyasi.

=== Qurilish ===
Alabamada joylashgan Brasfield &amp;amp; Gorrie, BE&amp;amp;K, Hoar Construction, B. L. Harbert International va URS korporatsiyasining shoʻba korxonalari muntazam ravishda eng yaxshi dizayn, xalqaro qurilish va muhandislik firmalarining Engineering News-Record roʻyxatiga kirib kelgan.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

[[Turkum:AQSh iqtisodiyoti]]