UzWikidan yoʻnaltirish sahifasi import qilindi
Oʻzbekcha Vikipediyadan (UzWiki) 100% asl holatida import qilindi.
#YOʻNALTIRISH [[Havoriy Pavel]]
'''Pavel'' (shuningdek, '''tarsuslik Savl''' nomi bilan atalgan; milodiy 5-yil – 64/65-yil), ''"Pavel'''{{sfn|Brown|1997|p=442}} va '''Avliyo Pavel'''{{sfn|Sanders|2019}} nomlari bilan tanilgan, I asrda dunyo boʻylab [[Iso Masih|Iso]] taʼlimotini yoygan nasroniy havoriysi{{sfn|Powell|2009}}. Havoriylar davrining eng muhim arboblaridan biri sifatida qabul qilingan{{sfn|Sanders|2019}}{{sfn|Dunn|2001|loc=Ch 32|p=577}} hamda [[Kichik Osiyo yarim oroli|Kichik Osiyo]] va [[Yevropa]]da milodiy [[40-yil]]larning oʻrtalaridan [[50-yil]]larning oʻrtalarigacha bir qancha [[Xristianlik|nasroniy]] jamoalariga asos solgan{{sfn|Rhoads|1996|p=39}}.
 
== Adabiyotlar ==
{{refbegin}}
<!-- A -->
*{{cite book|last=Aageson|first=James W.|title=Paul, the Pastoral Epistles, and the Early Church|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CfYPAQAAIAAJ|year=2008|publisher=Hendrickson|isbn=978-1-59856-041-1}}
*{{cite book|last=Achtemeier|first=Paul J.|title=Harper's Bible dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4UERAQAAMAAJ|year=1985|publisher=Harper & Row|isbn=978-0-06-069862-1|via=Society of Biblical Literature}}
*{{cite book|first=Camilla |last=Adang|title=Muslim Writers on Judaism and the Hebrew Bible: From Ibn Rabban to Ibn Hazm|url=https://archive.org/details/muslimwritersonj0000adan |date=1996|publisher=Brill|isbn= 978-90-04-10034-3}}
*{{cite Catholic Encyclopedia|first=Cornelius|last=Aherne|volume=4|wstitle=Epistle to the Colossians}}
*{{cite book|last=Anthony|first=Sean|title=The Caliph and the Heretic: Ibn Sabaʾ and the Origins of Shīʿism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jeYxAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA68|date=2011|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-21606-8}}
*{{cite book|last=Andria|first=Solomon|title=Romans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TJoBTjneGCUC&pg=PA271|year=2012|publisher=Harpercollins Christian Pub|isbn=978-9966-003-06-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Aslan|first=Reza|title=Zealot: The Life and Times of Jesus of Nazareth|url=https://archive.org/details/zealotlifetimeso00reza/page/184|date=2014|publisher=Random House|isbn=978-0-8129-8148-3}}
*{{cite book|author=Augustine|editor=Thomas Williams|title=Confessions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oXvqvAEACAAJ|year=2019|publisher=Hackett|isbn=978-1-62466-782-4|oclc=1057245526}}
* [[Gustaf Aulén|Aulén, Gustaf]]. ''Christus Victor'' (SPCK 1931)
*{{cite book|last=Aune|first=David E.|title=The Blackwell Companion to The New Testament|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ygcgn8h-jo4C|year=2010|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4443-1894-4}}
<!-- B -->
*{{cite book|first=Albert|last=Barnes|title=Notes on the New Testament Explanatory and Practical|url=https://archive.org/details/notesexplanator16barngoog/page/n212/mode/2up|volume=VI. II. Corinthians and Galatians|year=1844|publisher=Blackie & Son|location=Glasgow}}
*{{cite book|title=The Pastoral Epistles|url=https://archive.org/details/pastoralepistles0000ckba_o6b4|first= C. K. |last=Barrett|publisher= Clarendon Press|location= Oxford|date= 1963}}
*{{cite book|last=Barnett|first=Paul|title=Jesus and the Rise of Early Christianity: A History of New Testament Times|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NlFYY_iVt9cC|year=2002|publisher=InterVarsity Press|isbn=978-0-8308-2699-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Barnett|first=Paul|title=The Birth of Christianity: The First Twenty Years|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iEfBfYC5NU4C&pg=PA83|year=2005|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans|isbn=978-0-8028-2781-4}}
*{{cite book|last=Barnstone|first=Willis|title=The Other Bible|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OtbYAAAAMAAJ|year=1984|publisher=Harper & Row|isbn=978-0-06-250031-1}}
*{{cite book|last=Bitner|first=Bradley J.|title=Paul's Political Strategy in 1 Corinthians 1-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a8rSCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA268|year=2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-107-08848-1}}
*{{cite Catholic Encyclopedia|first=Florentine Stanislaus |last=Bechtel|volume=8|wstitle=Judaizers}}
*{{cite book |editor1-last=Black |editor1-first=C. Clifton |editor2-last=Smith |editor2-first=D. Moody |editor3-last=Spivey |editor3-first=Robert A. |year=2019 |origyear=1969 |title=Anatomy of the New Testament |chapter=Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3MSHDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA187 |location=[[Minneapolis]] |publisher=[[Fortress Press]] |edition=8th |pages=187–226 |doi=10.2307/j.ctvcb5b9q.17 |isbn=978-1-5064-5711-6 |s2cid=242771713 |oclc=1082543536 }}
*{{cite book|last=Brann|first=Ross|title=Power in the Portrayal: Representations of Jews and Muslims in Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Islamic Spain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bbrCTfBSFaEC|year=2010|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-14673-7}}
*{{cite book|last=Bromiley|first=Geoffrey William|title=The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wo8csizDv0gC|volume=A-D|year=1979|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans|isbn=978-0-8028-3781-3}}
*{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Raymond Edward|author-link1=Raymond Edward Brown|last2=Meier|first2=John P.|title=Antioch and Rome: New Testament Cradles of Catholic Christianity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6H3XKLXGvYC&pg=PA124|year=1983|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=978-0-8091-2532-6}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Raymond Edward|author-link=Raymond E. Brown|title=The Churches the Apostles Left Behind|url=https://archive.org/details/churchesapostles00raym|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/churchesapostles00raym/page/48 48]|year=1984|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=978-0-8091-2611-8}}
*{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Raymond Edward|author-link1=Raymond Edward Brown|last2=Fitzmyer|first2=Joseph A.|last3=Murphy|first3=Roland Edmund|title=The New Jerome Biblical Commentary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P7UfMQAACAAJ|year=1990|publisher=G. Chapman|isbn=978-0-225-66640-3}}
*{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Raymond Edward|author-link1=Raymond Edward Brown|last2=Meier|first2=John P.|title=Antioch and Rome: New Testament Cradles of Catholic Christianity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_6H3XKLXGvYC&pg=PA124|year=1983|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=978-0-8091-2532-6}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Raymond Edward|author-link=Raymond E. Brown|title=The Churches the Apostles Left Behind|url=https://archive.org/details/churchesapostles00raym|url-access=registration|page=[https://archive.org/details/churchesapostles00raym/page/48 48]|year=1984|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=978-0-8091-2611-8}}
*{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Raymond Edward|author-link1=Raymond Edward Brown|last2=Fitzmyer|first2=Joseph A.|last3=Murphy|first3=Roland Edmund|title=The New Jerome Biblical Commentary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P7UfMQAACAAJ|year=1990|publisher=G. Chapman|isbn=978-0-225-66640-3}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown|first=Raymond Edward|author-link=Raymond E. Brown|title=An Introduction to the New Testament|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontone00brow_0|url-access=registration|year=1997|publisher=Doubleday|isbn=978-0-385-24767-2}}
* [[F. F. Bruce|Bruce, F. F.]] "Is the Paul of Acts the Real Paul?" ''Bulletin John Rylands Library'' 58 (1976) 283–305
* {{cite book|last=Bruce|first=Frederick Fyvie|title=Paul: Apostle of the Heart Set Free|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kmWlKKB_iYgC|date=2000|publisher=Eerdmans|isbn=978-0-8028-4778-2}}
*{{cite book|last=Budge|first=E.A. Wallis|title=The Contendings of the Twelve Apostles: Being the Histories and the Lives and Martyrdomes and Deaths of the Twelve Apostles and Evangelists|volume=2. The English Translation|location=London|publisher=Henry Frowde|date=1901|url=https://archive.org/details/contendingsofapo02budguoft/page/526/mode/2up/search/pomegranate}}
*{{cite book|last=Burton|first=Ernest de Witt|title=A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b52QYgZg6W8C&pg=PR26|year=2000|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-0-567-05029-8}}
*{{cite book|url=http://www.bartleby.com/210/6/301.html|chapter=Saint Paul, the Apostle. June 30|first=Alban|last=Butler|date=1866|volume=VI: June|title=The Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints. Compiled from Original Monuments and Authentic Records|via=bartleby.com|location=Dublin|publisher=James Duffy}}
<!-- C -->
*{{cite book|last1=Calisi|first1=Antonio. |title= Paul Apostle of Christ: Call, Journeys, Epistles, Teachings, Martyrdom |date=February 2021 |publisher=Amazon Digital Services LLC - KDP Print US |isbn=978-9-9189-5171-0}}
*{{cite book|last1=Capes|first1=David B.|last2=Reeves|first2=Rodney|last3=Richards|first3=E. Randolph|title=Rediscovering Paul: An Introduction to His World, Letters and Theology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BP_UCCr93N8C&pg=PA203|year=2011|publisher=InterVarsity Press|isbn=978-0-8308-3941-4}}
* {{cite book|last1=Carson|first1=D. A.|last2=Moo|first2=Douglas J.|title=An Introduction to the New Testament|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AV5FXRZo5c4C|date=2009|publisher=Zondervan|isbn=978-0-310-53955-1}}
*{{cite book|last=Churchill|first= Timothy W. R. |title=Divine Initiative and the Christology of the Damascus Road Encounter|location=Eugene|publisher= Pickwick|date= 2010}}
* [[Hans Conzelmann|Conzelmann, Hans]], ''The Acts of the Apostles – A Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles'' (Augsburg Fortress 1987)
*{{cite book|last=Cole|first=R. Alan|title=The Letter of Paul to the Galatians: An Introduction and Commentary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mHNs7L-rYQAC|year=1989|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans|isbn=978-0-8028-0478-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Collins|first=Raymond F.|title=1 & 2 Timothy and Titus: A Commentary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kifCGDC1ur8C&pg=PA4|date=2002|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=978-0-664-22247-5}}
*{{Cite journal|last=Crease|first=Robert P.|date=18 March 2019|title=The rise and fall of scientific authority – and how to bring it back|journal=Nature|volume=567|issue=7748|pages=309–10|doi=10.1038/d41586-019-00872-w|quote=Hanging in the Louvre Museum in Paris is an imposing painting, The Preaching of St Paul at Ephesus. In this 1649 work by Eustache Le Sueur, the fiery apostle lifts his right hand as if scolding the audience, while clutching a book of scripture in his left. Among the rapt or fearful listeners are people busily throwing books into a fire. Look carefully, and you see geometric images on some of the pages.|bibcode=2019Natur.567..309C|s2cid=81987842|doi-access=free}}
* {{Citation |editor1-last=Cross |editor1-first=F. L. |editor1-link=F. L. Cross |editor2-last=Livingstone |editor2-first=E. A. |editor2-link=Elizabeth Livingstone |title=The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church |year=2005 |publisher=University Press |location=Oxford |edition=3rd Revised |isbn=978-0-19-280290-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fUqcAQAAQBAJ }}
<!-- D -->
*{{cite book|last1=De Leonardis|first1=Serena|last2=Masi|first2=Stefano|title=Art and History: Rome and the Vatican|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=owS4gojfggEC&pg=PA21|year=1999|publisher=Casa Editrice Bonechi|isbn=978-88-476-0178-9}}
*{{cite book|last=De Young|first=James|title=Terrorism, Islam, and Christian Hope: Reflections on 9-11 and Resurging Islam|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=60JLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64|year=2004|publisher=Wipf and Stock|isbn=978-1-59752-005-8}}
*{{cite book|last=Donaldson|first=Terence|editor=John Muddiman|editor2=John Barton|title=The Pauline Epistles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HyQUDAAAQBAJ|series=The Oxford Bible Commentary|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-958026-2|chapter=Ch. 3 Introduction to the Pauline Corpus}}
*{{cite Catholic Encyclopedia|first= James F. |last=Driscoll|volume=10|wstitle=Nazarite}}
* {{cite journal| last =Dunn | first =James D. G. | year =1982 | title =The New Perspective on Paul|series= Manson Memorial Lecture, 4 November 1982|journal=Bulletin of the John Rylands Library  | volume =65 | issue =2 | pages =95–122 |doi=10.7227/BJRL.65.2.6}}
* {{Citation |last=Dunn |first=James D. G. |author-link=James Dunn (theologian) |title=Jesus, Paul, and the Law: Studies in Mark and Galatians |publisher=Westminster John Knox Press |location=Louisville, KY |year=1990 |isbn=0-664-25095-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d76vmNlbuBwC&pg=PA1 }}
*{{cite book|last=Dunn|first=James|author-link=James Dunn (theologian)|editor1-first=Lee Martin|editor1-last=McDonald|editor2-first=James A.|editor2-last=Sanders|title=The Canon Debate|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kxW-AgAAQBAJ|year=2001|publisher=Baker|isbn=978-1-4412-4163-4}}
* {{Citation | editor-last =Dunn | editor-first =James D. G. | year =2003 | title =The Cambridge Companion to St. Paul | publisher =Cambridge University Press | location =Cambridge | isbn =0-521-78155-8 | url =https://books.google.com/books?id=TNXPGiKx-mkC }}
* {{Citation | last =Dunn | first =James D. G. | year =2009 | title =Christianity in the Making Volume 2: Beginning from Jerusalem | publisher =Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing}}
*{{cite book|last=Dunn|first=J.D.G.|editor=John Muddiman|editor2=John Barton|title=The Pauline Epistles|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HyQUDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA170|series=The Oxford Bible Commentary|year=2010|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-958026-2|chapter=Ch. 8 Ephesians}}
* Dunn, James D. G., ''Jesus, Paul, and the Gospels'' (Grand Rapids, MI), Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2011
*{{cite book|last=Dwyer|first=John C.|title=Church History: Twenty Centuries of Catholic Christianity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FKvo3szVq_sC&pg=PA27|year=1998|publisher=Paulist Press|isbn=978-0-8091-3830-2}}
*{{cite book|editor1-first=James D. G.|editor1-last=Dunn|editor2-first=John William|editor2-last=Rogerson|title=Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2Vo-11umIZQC&pg=PA1274|year=2003|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|isbn=978-0-8028-3711-0}}
{{refend}}
 
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
== Havolalar ==
{{Tashqi havolalar}}
{{bio-stub}}
[[Turkum:Havoriylar]]

$2, $3 dagi (joriy) koʻrinishi

Pavel (shuningdek, tarsuslik Savl nomi bilan atalgan; milodiy 5-yil – 64/65-yil), "Pavel[1] va Avliyo Pavel[2] nomlari bilan tanilgan, I asrda dunyo boʻylab Iso taʼlimotini yoygan nasroniy havoriysi[3]. Havoriylar davrining eng muhim arboblaridan biri sifatida qabul qilingan[2][4] hamda Kichik Osiyo va Yevropada milodiy 40-yillarning oʻrtalaridan 50-yillarning oʻrtalarigacha bir qancha nasroniy jamoalariga asos solgan[5].

  1. ↑ Brown 1997, s. 442.
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 Sanders 2019.
  3. ↑ Powell 2009.
  4. ↑ Dunn 2001, s. 577, Ch 32.
  5. ↑ Rhoads 1996, s. 39.