Berlin: 1945-yilgi halokat sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Kitob bilgiqutisi|isbn=978-0-14-103239-9|sahifalar=501|til=English|janr=}}

'''''Berlin: 1945 yilgi halokat''''' (AQShda '''''Berlinning qulashi 1945''''' deb ham ataladi) [[Ikkinchi Jahon urushi]] davrida [[Berlin operatsiyasi|Berlin jangi]] haqida Antoni Beevorning hikoyasi asosidagi tarix. U 2002-yilda Viking Press tomonidan, keyinroq 2003-yilda Penguin Books tomonidan nashr etilgan. Kitob tanqidiy va tijorat muvaffaqiyatiga erishdi. U Britaniyadan tashqari 7 ta mamlakatda birinchi o'rinni egalladi va yana 9 ta davlatda kuchli beshlikka kirdi. Bu kitob va birinchi marta 1998-yilda nashr etilgan Beevorning ''Stalingrad'' kitobi birgalikda uch millionga yaqin nusxada sotilgan<ref name="Beevor Biography">{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.literaryfestivals.co.uk/authors/anthonybeever.html#.T3GPotX4LvG|sarlavha=Antony Beevor Biography|nashriyot=Literary Festivals|sana=May 31, 2011|qaralgan sana=March 27, 2012|arxivsana=2019-09-23|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923190654/http://www.literaryfestivals.co.uk/authors/anthonybeever.html#.T3GPotX4LvG}}</ref>.

== Tarkib ==
Kitob 1945-yildagi [[Berlin operatsiyasi|Berlin jangi]] voqealarini qayta ko'rib chiqadi va Qizil Armiya [[Vermaxt|Vermaxtni]] qanday mag'lub etgani va [[Adolf Hitler|Gitlerning]] [[Uchinchi reyx|Uchinchi Reyxiga]], shuningdek, Evropadagi urushga barham bergani haqida hikoya qiladi. Kitob Beevorning ushbu mavzu bo'yicha tadqiqotiga bag'ishlangan [[BBC]] Timewatch dasturi bilan birga edi<ref name="Beevor Biography"/><ref>{{Citation |last=Remme |first=Tilman |title=Battle for Berlin |date=2014-03-15 |url=https://vimeo.com/89171060 |access-date=2017-12-10}}</ref>.

== Sovrinlar ==
Beevor 2003-yilda Longman - History Today mukofotining birinchi Vasiylik mukofotini oldi<ref name="Beevor Biography"/><ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=http://www.historytoday.com/page/awards-winners|sarlavha=Awards Winners|nashriyot=History Today|qaralgan sana=March 27, 2012|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110916032646/http://www.historytoday.com/page/awards-winners|arxivsana=September 16, 2011}}</ref>.

== Nashr eslatmalari ==
Kitob ''1945-yil Berlinning qulashi'' nomi bilan AQShda nashr etilgan va 24 tilga tarjima qilingan. Britaniyaning qog'ozli nusxasi Penguin Books tomonidan 2003-yilda nashr etilgan.

== Qabul ==
Kitob tanqidga duch keldi, ayniqsa [[Rossiya|Rossiyada]]<ref>{{Veb manbasi|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/01/25/wruss25.xml|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20030124205221/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2002/01/25/wruss25.xml|arxivsana=24 January 2003|nashriyot=Telegraph|sana=25 January 2002|qaralgan sana=4 March 2009|sarlavha=Russians angry at war rape claims|muallif=Johnson|ism=Daniel}}</ref>, kitobda Qizil Armiya tomonidan nemis tinch aholiga nisbatan sodir etilgan vahshiyliklarni muhokama qilishga qaratilgan. Xususan, kitobda urushdan oldin ham, undan keyin ham nemis ayollari va sovet majburiy mehnati ayollarining keng tarqalgan zo'rlanishi tasvirlangan. Rossiyaning Buyuk Britaniyadagi elchisi kitobni "yolg'on" va "dunyoni natsizmdan qutqargan odamlarga tuhmat" deb qoraladi<ref>{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Grigory |first=Karasin |date=25 January 2002 |title=Lies and insinuations |publisher=Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/letters/3572273/Lies-and-insinuations.html |access-date=10 July 2014}}</ref>.

Professor va [[Russian Association of World War II Historians|Rossiya Ikkinchi Jahon urushi tarixchilari uyushmasi]] prezidenti [[Oleg Rzheshevsky|Oleg Rjeshevskiyning]] ta'kidlashicha, Beevor shunchaki Sovet qo'shinlarini "Osiyo qo'shinlari" sifatida tasvirlagan [[Neonatsizm|neonatsist]] tarixchilarning obro'siz va irqchi qarashlarini jonlantirmoqda<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rzheshevsky|first1=Oleg A.|trans_title=The Berlin Operation of 1945: Discussion Continues|journal=Мир истории [World of History]|year=2002|issue=4|language=Russian}}</ref>. Uning ta'kidlashicha, Beevorning "Berlinliklar eslaydilar" va "zo'rlangan nemis ayollarining tajribalari" kabi iboralarni qo'llashi "ilmiy tadqiqotdan ko'ra pulpa fantastika uchun" ko'proq mos keladi. Rzheshevskiy, shuningdek, nemislar Sovet Ittifoqida qilgan ishlaridan keyin "qasos ko'chkisi" bo'lishini kutishlari mumkinligini aytdi, ammo "bunday bo'lmadi"<ref name="BBC">{{Yangiliklar manbasi |last=Summers |first=Chris |date=29 April 2002 |title=Red Army rapists exposed |work=[[BBC News Online]] |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1939174.stm |access-date=27 May 2010}}</ref>.

Beevor bunga javoban 1-Ukraina fronti siyosiy bo'limi boshlig'i [[General Tsigankov|general Tsigankovning]] ma'ruzasidan parchalardan manba sifatida foydalanganini aytdi. U shunday deb yozgan edi: "Mavzu bo'yicha dalillarning asosiy qismi Sovet manbalaridan, ayniqsa GARFdagi NKVD hisobotlaridan ( Rossiya Federatsiyasi Davlat arxivi ) va ishonchli shaxsiy hisoblarning keng doirasi"<ref>Cragg quotes Beevor ({{Veb manbasi|muallif=Cragg|ism=Claudia (interviewer)|sana=11 November 2010|sarlavha=Chatting Up A Storm - Remembrance (Veterans') Day II - Professor Antony Beevor, 'D Day - The Battle for Normandy'|url=http://ccragg123.libsyn.com/remembrance-veterans-day-two-professor-anthony-beevor-d-day-the-battle-for-normandy-}}).</ref>. Beevor, shuningdek, u rus tarixchilarining "o'z arxivlaridagi materiallarga ob'ektiv yondashishiga umid qilishini aytdi, bu esa Qizil Armiyaning 1945 yildagi "ozod qiluvchilar" qahramonlik afsonasiga ziddir"<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Von Maier|first1=Robert|last2=Glantz|first2=David M.|author2-link=David M. Glantz|title=Questions and Answers: Antony Beevor|journal=World War II Quarterly|volume=5|issue=1|pages=50|date=1 November 2008|url=http://www.antonybeevor.com/biography/WWII_Quarterly_(5.1)%5B1%5D.pdf|issn=1559-8012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324140608/http://www.antonybeevor.com/biography/WWII_Quarterly_%285.1%29%5B1%5D.pdf|archivedate=24 March 2012}}</ref>.

Ekseter universitetidan britaniyalik tarixchi Richard Overi Rossiyaning kitobga munosabatini tanqid qildi va Beevorni himoya qildi. Overy ruslarni sovet harbiy jinoyatlarini tan olishdan bosh tortishda aybladi: "Bu qisman ular buning ko'p qismini yanada yomonroq ishlarni qilgan dushmandan o'ch olish deb hisoblaganliklari va qisman g'oliblar tarixini yozgani uchundir"<ref name="BBC"/>.

== Manbalar ==
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