Madhyama Agama sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

'''Madhyama Āgama''' ({{Zh|t=中阿含經|p=Zhong Ahan Jing}}{{sfn|Bingenheimer|Bucknell|Analayo|2013|p=xv}}) – Hindistonning qadimgi buddizm matni boʻlib, undan hozirda faqatgina xitoycha tarjimasi mavjud ([[Taisho Tripitaka|Taishō Tripiṭaka]] 26){{sfn|Bingenheimer|Bucknell|Analayo|2013|p=xv}}. Uning nomi „Oʻrta toʻplam“ degan maʼnoni bildiradi<ref>{{cite web|title=Madhyama Agama|url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100124849|publisher=[[Oxford Reference]]|accessdate=2019-08-03}}</ref>. U [[Sanskrit|sanskrit tilidagi]] [[Sutta Pitaka|Sūtra Piṭaka]]ning [[Āgama (Buddizm)|Āgama]]lari toʻrtligidan biri boʻlib, [[Xitoy buddist kanoni]] tarkibiga kiradi va 18 bobdan iborat 222 ta sutrani oʻz ichiga oladi{{sfn|Analayo|2012|p=1}}. Uning [[pali]] tilidagi mos keladigan toʻplami – [[Majjhima Nikaya]]. U 15 bobda 152 ta sutrani oʻz ichiga oladi{{sfn|Analayo|2012|p=1}}.

== Kelib chiqishi va tarixi ==

Agamaning xitoycha eng qadimgi tarjimasi milodiy 397–398-yillarga toʻgʻri keladi{{sfn|Analayo|2012|p=1}}. P. V. Bapatning fikricha, xitoycha tarjimaning asl manbasi sanskrit tilidagisidan koʻra [[pali]]ga yaqin boʻlgan bir prakrit shaklida boʻlgan{{sfn|Bingenheimer|Bucknell|Analayo|2013|p=xix}}. Ushbu matn [[Sarvāstivāda]] anʼanasiga mansub deb hisoblanadi{{sfn|Analayo|2012|p=1}}{{sfn|Sujato|Brahmali|2014|p=40}}.

== Pali Kanonidagi oʻxshashliklar ==

Madhyama Āgama sutralarining koʻpchiligi [[Sutta Pitaka]]dagi sutralarga oʻxshashdir{{sfn|Bingenheimer|Bucknell|Analayo|2013|p=xvi}}.

{{quote|...T. 26 dagi 222 ta sutraning faqat 103 tasi [[Majjhima Nikaya|Majjhimanikāya]]da mos keladi; 14 tasi [[Dīgha Nikāya]]da, 17 tasi [[Saṃyutta Nikāya]]da va 87 tasi [[Aṅguttara Nikāya]]da uchraydi. T. 26 dagi 222 sutradan 14 tasining esa Pali matnlarida hech qanday o‘xshashi yo‘q{{sfn|Bingenheimer|Bucknell|Analayo|2013|p=xvi}}.}}

== Inglizcha tarjimalari ==

Madhyama Āgamaning inglizcha tarjimasi 2006-yilda boshlangan, bosh muharrir – Marcus Bingenheimer, hamtahrirlar – [[Bhikkhu Analayo]] va Rodney S. Bucknell<ref>{{cite web|title=Madhyama-āgama|url=http://agamaresearch.dila.edu.tw/madhyama-agama-2|publisher=Āgama Research Group|accessdate=2019-08-03}}</ref>. Uch jildning birinchisi 2013-yilda chop etilgan<ref>{{cite web|last=Sujato|first=Bhikkhu|authorlink=Bhante Sujato|title=A good day for fans of the Suttas|url=https://sujato.wordpress.com/2013/09/20/a-good-day-for-fans-of-the-suttas/|publisher=Sujato’s Blog|date=2013-09-20|accessdate=2019-08-03}}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
{{reflist}}

== Adabiyotlar ==
* {{kitob manbasi|last=Analayo|first=Bhikkhu|authorlink=Bhikkhu Analayo|title=Madhyama-āgama Studies|url=https://www.buddhismuskunde.uni-hamburg.de/pdf/5-personen/analayo/mastudies.pdf|year=2012|publisher=Dharma Drum Publishing}}
* {{kitob manbasi|last1=Bingenheimer|first1=Marcus|last2=Bucknell|first2=Rodney S.|last3=Analayo|first3=Bhikkhu|authorlink3=Bhikkhu Analayo|title=The Madhyama Agama: Middle-length Discourses: 1|url=https://www.bdkamerica.org/system/files/pdf/dBET_T0026_MadhyamaAgama1_2013_0.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=495|publisher=[[Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai]]|year=2013|ISBN=978-1886439474}}
* {{kitob manbasi|last1=Sujato|first1=Bhikkhu|authorlink1=Bhante Sujato|last2=Brahmali|first2=Bhikkhu|title=The Authenticity of the Early Buddhist Texts|url=https://ocbs.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/authenticity.pdf|year=2014|publisher=[[Buddhist Publication Society]]|ISBN=978-955-24-0410-8}}

== Havolalar ==
* [https://bdkamerica.org/product/the-madhyama-agama-middle-length-discourses-volume-i/ Madhyama Āgama yoki Oʻrta uzunlikdagi nutqlar] – BDK Amerika
{{tashqi havolalar}}

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