Marokashlik Idris I sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Qirollik bilgiqutisi
| ismi         = Idris I ibn Abd Alloh<br /> {{lang|ar|إدريس بن عبد الله}}
| succession   = Amir
| title        = 
| image        = 
| caption      = 
| reign        = 788–791
| successor    = [[Marokashlik Idris II|Idris II]]
| spouse       = [[Kenza al-Awrabiya]]
| issue        = [[Marokashlik Idris II|Idris II]]
| royal house  = 
| dynasty      = [[Idrisiylar sulolasi]]
| father       = Abd Allah al-Mahd
| mother       = Atika bint Abd al-Malik
| religion     = [[Islom]]
| tugʻilgan_sanasi     = ''Noma’lum''
| tugʻilgan_joyi    = [[Hijoz]], [[Arabiston yarimoroli]]
| vafot_sanasi     = 791-yil
| burial_date  = 
| dafn_etilgan_joy   = [[Moulay Idriss Zerhoun]]
}}

'''Idris (I) ibn Abd Alloh''' ({{langx|ar|إدريس بن عبد الله|translit=Idrīs ibn ʿAbd Allāh}}; vafoti 791-yil), shuningdek '''Idris al-Akbar''' yoki '''Idris Katta''' ({{langx|ar|إدريس الأكبر|translit=Idrīs al-Akbar|label=none}}) nomi bilan ham tanilgan, [[Hasaniylar]] naslidan bo‘lgan shaxs hamda shimoliy [[Marokash]] hududining bir qismida [[Idrisiylar sulolasi]] asoschisi edi. U [[Faxx jangi]] voqeasidan keyin [[Hijoz]]dan qochib ketgan<ref name=":0">''A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period'', Jamil M. Abun-Nasr, 1987, p. 51-52</ref>. U 788-yildan 791-yilgacha hukmronlik qilgan. Idris Marokash davlatchiligi asosini yaratgan sulolani barpo etgan shaxs sifatida e’tirof etiladi hamda milliy asoschilar qatorida [[Marokash]]ning asoschisi sifatida qaraladi<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Everett |first1=Samuel Sami |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gnFvEAAAQBAJ&dq=Idris+considered+founder+of+morocco&pg=PA170 |title=Jewish–Muslim Interactions: Performing Cultures between North Africa and France |last2=Vince |first2=Rebekah |date=2020-11-10 |publisher=Liverpool University Press |isbn=978-1-78962-727-5 |pages=170 |language=en}}</ref>.

==Tarixi==
Idris [[Hasan ibn Ali]]ning evarasi bo‘lgan. Hasan esa [[Fotima]] va [[Ali]]ning o‘g‘li hamda payg‘ambar [[Muhammad]] (s.a.v.)ning nabirasi edi{{sfn|Eustache|1971|p=1031}}. U [[Arabiston yarimoroli]]da tug‘ilib voyaga yetgan<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Stephen|first=Cory|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=39JMAgAAQBAJ&dq=idris+i+morocco+biography&pg=RA2-PA140|title=Dictionary of African Biography|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2012|isbn=978-0-19-538207-5|editor-last=Gates|editor-first=Henry Louis|language=en|chapter=Idris I (d. 791)|editor-last2=Akyeampong|editor-first2=Emmanuel Kwaku|editor-last3=Niven|editor-first3=Steven J.}}</ref>. Uning otasi tomondan yarim aka-ukalari [[Muhammad an-Nafs az-Zakiyya]] va Ibrohim [[Abbosiylar xalifaligi]] tomonidan 762–763-yillardagi muvaffaqiyatsiz qo‘zg‘olon paytida o‘ldirilgan. Uning yana bir ukasi [[Yahyo ibn Abdulloh|Yahyo]] [[Daylam]]da qo‘zg‘olon ko‘targan, ammo taslim bo‘lishga majbur bo‘lgan. Keyinchalik u [[xalifa]] [[Horun ar-Rashid]] tomonidan ta’qib qilingan va bir necha bor qamoqqa tashlangan.

Idrisning o‘zi ham 786-yilda [[Alaviylar]] tomonidan ko‘tarilgan yana bir qo‘zg‘olonda, [[al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Obid]] boshchiligida qatnashgan. Qo‘zg‘olon [[Faxx jangi]]da  mag‘lubiyatga uchragach, u qochib yashirinishga majbur bo‘ldi va keyinchalik [[Misr]]ga bordi. Mahalliy xalifalik [[barid|pochta tizimi]] rahbari [[Vadih (mavla)|Vadih]] yordamida u Misrdan chiqib, [[Magʻrib]] hududiga yetib borishga muvaffaq bo‘ldi{{sfn|Eustache|1971|p=1031}}.

789-yilda u [[Tanjer]]ga yetib keldi va keyinchalik [[Walīlī]] shahriga yo‘l oldi. Bu shahar qadimgi [[Qadimgi Rim|Rim]] shahri bo‘lgan [[Walīlī]] xarobalari joylashgan hudud edi. Bu yerda olib borilgan arxeologik qazishmalar davomida uning qarorgohi aniqlangan; qazishmalar Marokash Arxeologiya Instituti (INSAP) hamda London universitet kolleji tomonidan o‘tkazilgan{{sfn|Fentress|Limane|2018}}. U Rim shahri devorlari tashqarisida yashagan [[berberlar]] qabilasi — [[Avraba]] qabilasi yetakchisi Ishoq ibn Muhammad hududida yashagan. Idris Kenzaga uylanib<ref>{{Cite book |last=Robinson |first=Marsha R. |title=Crossing the Strait from Morocco to the United States: The transnational gendering of the Atlantic world before 1830. |publisher=The Ohio State University |year=2006 |pages=74 |language=English |quote=Idriss’ power to rule in this area hinged upon his marriage to Kenza}}</ref>, undan o‘g‘li [[Marokashlik Idris II|Idris II]] tug‘ilgan<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-13 |title=من هو مولاي إدريس الأول - المرسال |trans-title=Who is Moulay Idriss I? |url=https://www.almrsal.com/post/921293 |access-date=2022-03-14}}</ref>. Bu voqea Idrisiylar sulolasining shakllanishi va Marokashdagi musulmon davlatlaridan to‘rtinchisining paydo bo‘lishi sifatida qaraladi. Undan oldin Nekor (710–1019), Barg‘avata (744–1058) va Midrar (757–976) davlatlari mavjud bo‘lgan.

[[Image:Moulay Idriss 082003.jpg|thumb|[[Moulay Idriss Zerhoun|Moulay Idris]] shahridagi Idris I maqbarasi]]

Idris I Marokashning shimoliy hududlarining katta qismini egalladi hamda [[Fos]] shahriga asos soldi. 789-yilda u hozirgi [[Jazoir]] hududidagi [[Tlemsen]] shahrini Sufriylarga mansub Ifroniylar hukmdori Abu Qurradan tortib oldi<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Fage|first1=J. D.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bs0tAQAAIAAJ|title=The Cambridge History of Africa|last2=Clark|first2=Desmond J.|last3=Oliver|first3=Roland|date=1975|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-20981-6|pages=526|language=en}}</ref>. Bu voqealar [[Abbosiylar]] xalifasi [[Horun ar-Rashid]]ning g‘azabiga sabab bo‘ldi va u Idrisni o‘ldirish uchun elchilar yubordi. Idris I 791-yilda Walīlīda vafot etdi; ayrim manbalarga ko‘ra u xalifa josuslari tomonidan zaharlangan{{sfn|Eustache|1971|p=1031}}<ref name=":0522">{{EI3|last=Benchekroun|first=Chafik T.|title=Idrīsids|year=2018|doi=10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32374}}</ref>. Uning o‘g‘li [[Marokashlik Idris II|Idris II]] bir necha oy o‘tib tug‘ilgan va [[Avraba]] qabilasi tomonidan, otasining ozod qilingan quli hamda maslahatchisi Rashid vasiyligi ostida tarbiyalangan<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0522" />. 808-yilda u Walīlīdan [[Fos]] shahriga ko‘chib o‘tdi. Uning hukmronligi davrida (791–828) Idrisiylar davlati mustahkamlandi va Fos gullab-yashnagan poytaxtga aylandi<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Rivet|first=Daniel|title=Histoire du Maroc: de Moulay Idrîs à Mohammed VI|publisher=Fayard|year=2012|pages=86}}</ref>.

Idris I jasadi Walīlīdan uncha uzoq bo‘lmagan tepalikka dafn etilgan. Keyinchalik uning qabri joylashgan hudud [[Moulay Idriss Zerhoun]] nomli qishloqqa aylangan. Asrlar davomida uning maqbarasi atrofida [[zoviya]] (diniy majmua) shakllangan bo‘lib, hozir ham Marokashdagi muhim diniy maskanlardan biri hisoblanadi<ref name=":052">{{EI2|last=Berthier|first=P.|title=Mawlāy Idrīs|volume=6|doi=10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_5057}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite book|last1=Touri|first1=Abdelaziz|title=Le Maroc andalou : à la découverte d'un art de vivre|last2=Benaboud|first2=Mhammad|last3=Boujibar El-Khatib|first3=Naïma|last4=Lakhdar|first4=Kamal|last5=Mezzine|first5=Mohamed|publisher=Ministère des Affaires Culturelles du Royaume du Maroc & Museum With No Frontiers|year=2010|isbn=978-3902782311|edition=2}}</ref>.

==Yana qarang==
* [[Shimoliy Afrika tarixi]]
* [[Magʻrib]]

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar|2}}

==Adabiyotlar==
* {{EI3|last=Benchekroun|first=Chafik T.|title=Idrīsids|year=2018|doi=10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_32374}}
* [[Charles-André Julien|Julien, Charles-André]], ''Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord, des origines à 1830'', Parij, 1994
* Abum-Nasr, Jamil M. (1987). ''A History of the Maghrib in the Islamic Period''
* {{cite book|last1=Fentress|first1=Elizabeth|last2=Limane|first2=Hassan|title=Volubilis après Rome. Fouilles 2000-2004|publisher=Brill|year=2018}}
* {{EI2 | last = Eustache | first = D. | title = Idrīs I | volume=3 | page =1031 | doi =10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3492}}

{{S-start}}
{{s-new}}
{{s-ttl
| title = Idrisiylar amiri
| years = 788–791
}}
{{s-aft
| after = [[Idris II of Morocco|Idris II]]
}}
{{S-end}}
[[Turkum:791-yilda vafot etganlar]]
[[Turkum:Afrika tarixi]]
[[Turkum:Idrisiylar sulolasi]]