Nathaniel Lord Britton sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Olim bilgiqutisi
| tasvir       =        Portrait of Nathaniel Lord Britton 2.jpg
| tavallud_sanasi = {{tugʻilgan sanasi |1859 |01|15}}
| tugʻilgan_joyi = Staten Island, New York
| vafot_sanasi = {{vafot sanasi va yoshi |1934|06|25 |1859 |01|15}}
| vafot_joyi = Bronx, New York
| sohasi = [[Botanika]]
| ish_oʻrinlari = [[Columbia University]], New York Botanical Garden
| taʼlim olgan joyi = [[Columbia University School of Mines]]
| mashhur ishlari = ''Illustrated Flora of the Northern United States va British Possessions'', [[Addison Brown]] bilan; ''The Cactaceaeʼ‘, [[Joseph Nelson Rose]] bilan.
| avtor_abbrev_bot = '''Britton'''
| turmush_oʻrtogʻi = [[Elizabeth Gertrude Knight]]
}}
'''Nathaniel Lord Britton''' (1859-1934) Bronksdagi Nyu-York bogʻiga asos solgan [[amerikalik]] botanik va taksonomist.

== Yoshlik davri ==
Britton 1859-yilning 15-yanvarida [[Nyu York]]ning Richmond okrugidagi Nyu-Dorpda Harriet Lord Turner oilasida tugʻilgan<ref name=nybg-bio>{{veb manbasi|last=Fraser|first=Susan|title=NATHANIEL LORD BRITTON RECORDS (1875-1934)|url=http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/britwb2.asp.html|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{veb manbasi|title=Toddler's Dress|url=https://statenisland.pastperfectonline.com/webobject/27EAD842-5C22-41EA-ADB1-810313079220|work=Online Collections Database|publisher=Staten Island Historical Society|access-date=11 May 2011}}</ref>. Brittonning ota-onasi koʻproq diniy fanlarni oʻrganishini xohlashgan boʻlsa-da, yoshligidan [[tabiatshunoslik]] faniga qiziqqan.

Columbia university school of Minesni tamomlab, [[Kolumbiya universiteti]]da [[geologiya]] va [[botanika]]dan dars bergan. Oʻqishni tamomlagandan soʻng Torrey botanical clubga aʼzo boʻlib, aʼzolikni butun umri davomida saqlab qoldi. Britton Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Milliy Fanlar Akademiyasi, Amerika Sanʼat va Fanlar Akademiyasi<ref>{{Veb manbasi |date=2023-02-09 |title=Nathaniel Lord Britton |url=https://www.amacad.org/person/nathaniel-lord-britton |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=American Academy of Arts & Sciences |language=en}}</ref> va Amerika Falsafa Jamiyatining saylangan aʼzosi boʻlgan<ref>{{Veb manbasi |title=Nathaniel Britton |url=http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/20001077.html |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=www.nasonline.org}}</ref><ref>{{Veb manbasi |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Nathaniel+L.+Britton&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref>. 1885-yil 27-avgustda briyolog Elizabeth Gertrude Knightga uylangan. Ular klubda tanishib, umrlari davomida botanik tadqiqotlarda hamkorlik qilishgan.

== Nyu-York botanika bogʻi ==
1888-yil asal oyi davomida Kew Gardens bogʻiga buyurishib, Brittonning Torrey klubi yigʻilishida Nyu-York botanika bogʻi qurilishi taklifini bildirgan. Ular birgalikda NYBG qurilishi uchun kampaniya boshlashdi. Britton 1895-yilda Nyu-York botanika bogʻi direktori boʻlgach, Kolumbiya universitetini tark etdi. 1929-yilga qadar mazkur lavozimda ishlagan.[[Andrew Carnegie]], J. Pierpont Morgan, va Cornelius Vanderbilt II bilan birgalikda institutning birinchi boshqaruv kengashi aʼzosi boʻlgan. U oʻsimliklarni kampaniyaga katta hissa qoʻshganlarning sharafiga nomlash orqali botanika bogʻiga katta moliyaviy yordam berdi.

== Ilmiy tadqiqot ==
Nyu-York shahrida ob-havo sovuq boʻlgan paytlarda, koʻpgina tadqiqotlarni [[Karib dengizi]]da amalga oshirgan. Karib dengizi florasini oʻrganishga ham hissa qoʻshgan.

Addison Brown bilan birgalikda (The Cactaceae), Joseph Nelson Rose bilan esa (The Cactaceae)ni yozgan

Shuningdek, Britton Amerika Botanika Nomenklaturasi<ref>{{jurnal manbasi|journal=Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club|title=American Code of Botanical Nomenclature|volume=34|year=1907}}<br />* {{wikisource-inline|Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club/V34/American Code of Botanical Nomenclature}}</ref> kodeksini imzolaganlardan biri ham hisoblanadi. Britton nomenklaturani tartibga soluvchi qoidalarga taklif qilgan oʻzgartirishlari boʻyicha oradan taxminan 30 yil oʻtgach ham hech qanday murosaga erishilmagan.

== Oʻlim va meros ==
Insult boʻlib, 9 hafta davomida davolanib, 1934-yil 25-iyunda Bronksdagi uyida vafot etdi<ref name=obit>{{veb manbasi|title=Dr N.L. Britton, 74, Biologist, is dead|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1934/06/26/93761609.pdf|work=26 June 1934|publisher=New York Times|access-date=5 July 2012}}</ref>.

U yashagan va ishlagan uy, Britton kotteji, Staten orolidagi tarixiy Richmond Town shahrida saqlanadi.

Staten orolidagi tarixiy Richmond Towndagi Britton yashagan va ishlagan Britton kotteji muhofazaga olingan. Brittonastrum avlodi (Agastache Clayton ex Gronov sinonimi<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=''Brittonastrum'' Briq. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296077-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=1 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref>), Brittonella (sinonimi Mionandra Griseb<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=''Brittonella'' Rusby {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296078-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=1 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref>), Brittonamra (sinonimi Coursetia DC.), Brittonia (sinonimi Ferocactus Britton & Rose<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=''Brittonia'' C.A.Armstr. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30414944-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=1 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref>) Brittonrosea (sinonimi Echinocactus Link & Otto<ref>{{veb manbasi |title=''Brittonrosea'' Speg. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:5237-1 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=1 November 2021 |language=en}}</ref>), shuningdek Neobrittonia <ref>{{veb manbasi |title=''Neobrittonia'' Hochr. {{!}} Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science |url=https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295351-2 |website=Plants of the World Online |access-date=18 May 2021 |language=en}}</ref> kabi tushunchalar olim sharafiga nomlangan. Brittonia botanik jurnali ham uning nomiga nomlangan<ref name=names>{{veb manbasi|title=California Plant Names|url=http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pageBL-BY.html|author=Michael Charters|access-date=30 October 2019}}</ref><ref name=latin>{{veb manbasi|title=Botanical Latin|author=William T. Stearn|date=11 October 2017|url=https://archive.org/stream/BOTANICALLATINWILLIAMSTEARN/BOTANICAL%20LATIN%20WILLIAM%20STEARN_djvu.txt|publisher=David & Charles|access-date=30 October 2019}}</ref>.

Britton standart muallif qisqartmasidan botanik nomlar muallifi sifatida mazkur olimga manba koʻrsatilganda foydalaniladi<ref name=latin/>.

== Tadqiqotlar ==
John Hendley Barnhart Britton asarlarining bibliografiyasi boʻlmish Elmer Drew Merill muallifligidagi Biographical memoir of Nathaniel Lord Britton, 1859-1934 asari yozilishiga hamda mazkur asarning 1938-yilda National Academy of Sciencesning yillik uchrashuvidagi taqdimotiga hissa qoʻshgan<ref name="britton-bib">{{kitob manbasi |last1=Merrill |first1=Elmer D. |title=Biographical memoir of Nathaniel Lord Britton, 1859-1934 |date=1938 |url=http://willow.nybg.org/record=b1050275}}</ref>. Henry A. Gleason 1960-yilda Brittonning dastlabki botanik faoliyati, tashkil qilgan botanika tashkilotlari, nomenklaturaviy ishlari, Illustrated Flora asari, Nyu-York botanika bogʻidagi rahbarlik faoliyati, Gʻarbiy Hindiston florasi, Shimoliy Amerika florasi, Shimoliy-janubiy Amerika florasi, Shimoliy Amerika daraxtlariga oid tadqiqotlari hamda monografik asarini<ref name="britton-gleason-works">{{jurnal manbasi |last1=Gleason |first1=Henry A. |title=The Scientific Work of Nathaniel Lord Britton |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_proceedings-of-the-american-philosophical-society_1960-04-19_104_2/page/n93 |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |date=1960 |volume=104 |issue=2 |pages=205–226}}</ref> oʻz ichiga olgan The scientific work of Nathanial Lord Britton asarini nashr etgan.
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

== Havolalar ==

* [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/permissions Nyu-Yorkdagi Botanika bogʻi haqida qoʻshimcha maʼlumotlar]
* [https://archive.org/search?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+Lord%22+OR+subject%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+L.%22+OR+subject%3A%22Britton%2C+N.+L.%22+OR+subject%3A%22Nathaniel+Lord+Britton%22+OR+subject%3A%22Nathaniel+L.+Britton%22+OR+subject%3A%22N.+L.+Britton%22+OR+subject%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel%22+OR+subject%3A%22Nathaniel+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22Nathaniel+Lord+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22Nathaniel+L.+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22N.+L.+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22N.+Lord+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+Lord%22+OR+creator%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+L.%22+OR+creator%3A%22Britton%2C+N.+L.%22+OR+creator%3A%22Britton%2C+N.+Lord%22+OR+creator%3A%22Nathaniel+Britton%22+OR+creator%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel%22+OR+title%3A%22Nathaniel+Lord+Britton%22+OR+title%3A%22Nathaniel+L.+Britton%22+OR+title%3A%22N.+L.+Britton%22+OR+title%3A%22Nathaniel+Britton%22+OR+description%3A%22Nathaniel+Lord+Britton%22+OR+description%3A%22Nathaniel+L.+Britton%22+OR+description%3A%22N.+L.+Britton%22+OR+description%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+Lord%22+OR+description%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel+L.%22+OR+description%3A%22Nathaniel+Britton%22+OR+description%3A%22Britton%2C+Nathaniel%22%29+OR+%28%221859-1934%22+AND+Britton%29%29+AND+%28-mediatype%3Asoftware%29 Nathaniel Lord Britton olib borgan tadqiqotlar haqida qoʻshimcha maʼlumotlar]
* [https://whereangiewanders.com/50-most-beautiful-botanical-gardens-in-the-world/ Dunyodagi eng chiroyli Top 50 ta bogʻlar]

[[Turkum:Alifbo boʻyicha olimlar]]
[[Turkum:Amerikalik olimlar]]
[[Turkum:Geologiya]]
[[Turkum:Botanika]]