Neo-nuar sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

[[File:Blue Velvet (1986) - Lobby Card.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|[[David Lynch]]ning neo-nuar janriga misol boʻlgan [[Blue Velvet]] (1986) filmining reklama kartochkasi.]]
'''Neo-nuar''' — 1970-yillarda, [[Yangi Gollivud]] davrida shakllangan [[kino janri]] boʻlib<ref>{{Cite web |last=Team |first=LTX Studio |title=What Is Film Noir? Examples & Style Explained {{!}} LTX Studio |url=https://ltx.studio/glossary/film-noir |access-date=2025-12-10 |website=ltx.studio |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Nette |first=Andrew |date=2021-11-23 |title=10 Underappreciated American Noirs of the Late 1950s and the 1960s |url=https://crimereads.com/10-underappreciated-american-noirs-of-the-late-1950s-and-the-1960s/ |access-date=2025-10-14 |website=CrimeReads |language=en-US}}</ref>, asosan klassik [[nuar]] film usullarining oʻzgacha talqin qilinishi va vizual uslubi bilan bogʻliq hamda 1940- va 1950-yillardagi Amerika nuari mavzularini zamonaviy auditoriya uchun moslashtiradi<ref>{{Cite web |last=on |first=David Olsson |date=2019-11-18 |title=Top 30 Best Neo-Noir Films, Ranked for Filmmakers |url=https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/best-neo-noir-films/ |access-date=2025-10-14 |website=www.studiobinder.com |language=en-US}}</ref>. [[Zo‘ravonlik sahnalari|Koʻpincha yorqin ranglar va yuqori kontrastli tasvirlar]], [[Filmdagi shahvoniy kontent|zoʻravonlik yoki shahvoniylikning]] yanada ochiq-oydin tasvirlanishi<ref>{{cite web |date=28 October 2024 |title=Neo-noir |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/neo-noir |access-date=26 November 2024 |publisher=[[Encyclopedia Britannica]]}}</ref>, tematik [[Motiv (adabiyotda)|motivlar]] hamda chiziqli boʻlmagan hikoya qilish yoki montajdan foydalaniladi<ref>Oxford Academic. [https://academic.oup.com/edinburgh-scholarship-online/book/16590?login=false Film Noir and the Cinema of Paranoia.]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Neo-Noir Film Genre: 4 Common Traits of the Neo-Noir Genre - 2025 |url=https://www.masterclass.com/articles/neo-noir-guide |access-date=2025-10-14 |website=MasterClass |language=en}}</ref> .

1970-yillar va 1980-yillarning oʻrtalarida „neo-nuar“ atamasi [[Roman Polanski]]ning „[[Chinatown]]“ (1974), [[Martin Scorsese]]ning „[[Taxi Driver]]“ (1976), [[Sydney Pollak]]ning „[[Absence of Malice]]“ (1981), [[Ridley Scott]]ning „[[Blade Runner]]“ (1982), [[Paul Verhoeven]]ning „[[The Fourth Man]]“ (1983-yil) va [[David Lynch]]ning „[[Blue Velvet]]“ (1986) kabi filmlar tufayli ommaviylik choʻqqisiga chiqdi. Fransuzcha „film noir“ atamasi ingliz tiliga soʻzma-soʻz „black film“ („qora film“) deb tarjima qilinadi<ref name="borde">{{cite book |last1=Borde |first1=Raymond |author-link1=:fr:Raymond Borde |url=https://archive.org/details/BordeAndChaumetonPanoramaOfAmericanFilmNoir19411953 |title=A panorama of American ''film noir'' (1941–1953) |last2=Chaumeton |first2=Etienne |date=2002 |publisher=City Lights Books |isbn=978-0872864122 |location=San Francisco}}</ref>, bu koʻpincha soyali kinematografik uslubda taqdim etiladigan mash’um hikoyalarni anglatadi. Neo-nuar shunga oʻxshash uslubga ega, biroq unda mavzular, mazmun, uslub va vizual elementlar yangilangan.

== Taʼrifi ==
Neo-nuar neologizmi, „yangi“ soʻzi uchun [[yunoncha]] old qoʻshimchadan foydalangan holda, Mark Konard tomonidan „klassik nuar davridan keyin paydo boʻlgan, nuar mavzulari va nuar hissiyotini oʻz ichiga olgan har qanday film“ deb taʼriflanadi. Boshqa bir taʼrif uni koʻpincha turli janrlarni sintez qiladigan, shu bilan birga nuar filmining asosiy tuzilmasini oldingi planga chiqaradigan keyingi nuar deb tavsiflaydi<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=International Noir|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalnoi0000unse|last=Pettey|first=Homer B.|publisher=[[Edinburgh University Press]]|year=2014|isbn=9780748691104|location=Edinburgh|pages=[https://archive.org/details/internationalnoi0000unse/page/62 62]}}</ref>.

== Tarixi ==
{{Main|Nuar}}
„[[Nuar]]“ atamasi 1946-yilda tanqidchi [[Nino Frank]] tomonidan muomalaga kiritilgan va 1955-yilda fransuz tanqidchilari [[Raymond Borde]] hamda Etienne Chaumeton tomonidan ommalashtirilgan<ref name="borde"/>. Bu atama 1980-yillardan boshlab, uslubning qayta tiklanishi bilan birga yana keng isteʼmolga qaytdi.

Klassik film nuar davri odatda 1940-yillarning boshidan 1950-yillarning oxirigacha boʻlgan davrni oʻz ichiga oladi. Filmlar koʻpincha Amerika kriminal romanlarining ekranizatsiyasi boʻlib, ular „hardboiled“ deb ham taʼriflangan. Baʼzi mualliflar bu atamalarga qarshilik koʻrsatishgan. Masalan, „[[The Postman Always Rings Twice]]“ (1934) va „[[Double Indemnity]]“ (1943) asarlari muallifi [[James M. Cain]] shafqatsiz detektiv adabiyotining asosiy vakillaridan biri hisoblanadi. Har ikkala roman kriminal film sifatida ekranlashtirilgan, birinchisi bir necha bor. Caindan shunday iqtibos keltiriladi: „Men hech qanday maktabga, shafqatsiz detektiv yoki boshqasiga mansub emasman va ishonamanki, bu deb ataladigan maktablar asosan tanqidchilarning xayolotida mavjud boʻlib, haqiqatda boshqa hech qayerda ularga monand narsa yoʻq“<ref>{{cite book |title=Hardboiled America – The Lurid Years of Paperbacks |last=O'Brien |first=Geoffrey |year=1981 |publisher=Van Nostrand Reinhold |location=New York; Cincinnati |isbn=0-442-23140-7 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/hardboiledameric00obri/page/71 71–72] |url=https://archive.org/details/hardboiledameric00obri/page/71 }}</ref>.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar|2}}

== Havolalar == 
* {{Cite journal |last1=Arnett |first1=Robert |date=Fall 2006 |title=Eighties Noir: The Dissenting Voice in Reagan's America |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-popular-film-television_fall-2006_34_3/page/123 |journal= [[Journal of Popular Film and Television]] |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=123–129 |doi=10.3200/JPFT.34.3.123-129 |s2cid=190713884 }}
* {{Cite book |title=The Philosophy of Neo-noir |last=Conard |first=Mark T. |year=2007 |publisher=The University Press of Kentucky |location=Lexington, Ky. |isbn=978-0-8131-2422-3 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/philosophyofneon0000unse }} {{Google books|6J5uLqU8y58C|The Philosophy of Neo-noir}}.
* {{Cite book |title=Detours and Lost Highways: A Map of Neo-Noir |last=Hirsch |first=Foster |year=1999 |publisher=Proscenium Publishers |location=New York |isbn=0-87910-288-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/detourslosthighw00hirs }} {{Google books|wcFg1LQfihQC|Detours and Lost Highways: A Map of Neo-Noir}}.
* {{Cite book |title=Mean Streets and Raging Bulls: The Legacy of Film Noir in Contemporary American Cinema |url=https://archive.org/details/meanstreetsragin0000mart |url-access=registration |last=Martin |first=Richard |year= 1997 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |location=Lanham, Md. |isbn= 0-8108-3337-9}}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Snee |first1=Brian J. |date=July 2009 |title=Soft-boiled Cinema: Joel and Ethan Coens' Neo-classical Neo-noirs |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly |volume=37 |issue=3 |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Soft-boiled+cinema%3a+Joel+and+Ethan+Coens'+neo-classical+neo-noirs.-a0204565670 }}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

[[Turkum:Neo-nuar]]
[[Turkum:Nuar]]
[[Turkum:Kino janrlari]]