Pyrus pyraster sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{| class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"
! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |''Pyrus pyraster''
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |[[File:Rosaceae_-_Pyrus_pyraster_-_Perastro-1.JPG|frameless]]
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%" | ''Pyrus pyraster'' mevasi
|- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"
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! colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |Ilmiy tasniflash
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|O‘simliklar
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|Yuksak oʻsimliklar
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|Gulli oʻsimliklar
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|Ikki urugʻpallalilar
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|[[Rosids]]
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|[[Rosales]]
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|[[Raʼnodoshlar]]
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|[[Pear|''Pyrus'']]
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|<div class="species" style="display:inline">'''''P.&nbsp;pyraster'''''</div>
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! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |Binar nomi
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: center" |'''<span class="binomial">''Pyrus pyraster''</span>'''<br /><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Friedrich August Ludwig von Burgsdorff|Burgsd.]]</div>
|- style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"
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! colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" |Sinonimlar
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| colspan="2" style="text-align: left" |
* ''Pyrus communis'' var. ''achras'' (Gaertn.) Wallr.
* ''Pyrus communis'' subsp. ''pyraster'' (L.) Ehrh.
|}
[[Fayl:ND_Birnbaum_DSC01778-HDR.jpg|thumb| ''Pirus piraster'' [[Bayreuth|daraxti]] (Bayrutdagi [[Tabiat yodgorliklari|tabiiy yodgorlik]])]]
'''''Pyrus piraster''''' (sin. ''Pyrus communis subsp. pyraster''), shuningdek, '''Yevropa yovvoyi noki''' deb ataladi, [[Raʼnodoshlar|Raʼnodoshlar]] oilasiga mansub [[nok]] turi. Bu tur ''Pyrus caucasica'' (sin. ''P. communis'' subsp. ''caucasica'') va xonaki yevropa nokining (''Pyrus communis'' subsp. ''communis'') ajdodi hisoblanadi. ''Pyrus pirasterini'' oddiy nokdan ajratish qiyin. ''Pyrus piraster'' 100 yildan 150 yilgacha yashashi mumkin.

== Tavsif ==
''Pyrus pyrasterning'' bo‘yi {{Convert|3|-|4|m}} gacha yetadi<ref>Pignatti S. — Flora d’Italia — Edagricole — 1982. Vol. I, pag. 603</ref>. Madaniy shakldan farqli oʻlaroq, novdalarda tikanlar bor. Barglari tuxumsimon, chetlari tishli. Gullari oq rangda. Gullash davri apreldan maygacha davom etadi. Mevalari yoz oxiridan kuzning boshiga qadar pishib yetiladi, diametri {{Convert|1|-|4|cm}}. Ular juda qattiq, burushtiruvchi, lekin shirin taʼmga ega, isteʼmol qilish mumkin. Urugʻlar sentabr oyida pishib etiladi.

Mevalar Pyrus ussuriensis varga oʻxshab kislotali.

Yaxshi sharoitda o‘sgan yovvoyi nok daraxtlari shoxlarining tojga opxshash tuzilishi bilan ajralib turadi. Noqulay sharoitlarda ular boshqa shox shakllarini hosil qiladi, masalan, bir tomonlama yoki juda past tojlar<ref>{{Citation|last=Stephan, B.|last2=Wagner, I.|last3=Kleinschmit, J.|title=Wild apple and pear - ''Malus sylvestris''/''Pyrus pyraster'': Technical guidelines for genetic conservation and use|date=2003|url=http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin//templates/euforgen.org/upload/Publications/Technical_guidelines/922_Technical_guidelines_for_genetic_conservation_and_use_for_wild_apple_and_pear__Malus_sylvestris_and_Pyrus_pyraster_.pdf|publisher=EUFORGEN: [[European Forest Genetic Resources Programme]]|access-date=2017-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020173831/http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin//templates/euforgen.org/upload/Publications/Technical_guidelines/922_Technical_guidelines_for_genetic_conservation_and_use_for_wild_apple_and_pear__Malus_sylvestris_and_Pyrus_pyraster_.pdf|archivedate=2016-10-20}}</ref>.

== Tarqalish ==
Yovvoyi nok Gʻarbiy Yevropadan [[Kavkaz|Kavkazgacha]] bo‘lgan hududda uchraydi. Shimoliy Yevropada uchramaydi<ref name="sdb">[http://luirig.altervista.org/flora/taxa/index1.php?scientific-name=pyrus+pyraster Schede di Botanica]</ref><ref name="mansfeld">{{Kitob manbasi|last=Hanelt|first=Peter|title=Mansfeld's Encyclopedia of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops|publisher=springer-Verlag|location=Berlin|year=2001|page=465|isbn=3-540-41017-1}}</ref>. U boshqa nok bilan chatishishi mumkin, masalan, ''Pyrus nivalis'' bilan chatishib ''Pyrus austriaca'' hosil qiladi<ref>{{Cite conference|title=Proceedings of the VIIIth International Symposium on Pear|last=Sansavini|first=Silviero|date=2002|publisher=International Society for Horticultural Science|pages=191–192|location=Ferrara-Bologna, Italy}}</ref>.

== Yashash joyi ==
Yovvoyi nok deyarli barcha tuproqlarda oʻsishi mumkin, yuqori kislotali tuproqdan tashqari. Biroq, raqobatbardoshligi zaifligi tufayli, tur asosan ekstremal yoki chekka joylarda mavjud. Uning ildizlari quruq tuproqlarda oʻsishiga imkon beradi. Daraxt koʻp yorugʻlikni talab qiladi<ref name="stephan03">{{Citation|last=Stephan, B.|last2=Wagner, I.|last3=Kleinschmit, J.|title=Wild apple and pear - ''Malus sylvestris''/''Pyrus pyraster'': Technical guidelines for genetic conservation and use|date=2003|url=http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin//templates/euforgen.org/upload/Publications/Technical_guidelines/922_Technical_guidelines_for_genetic_conservation_and_use_for_wild_apple_and_pear__Malus_sylvestris_and_Pyrus_pyraster_.pdf|publisher=EUFORGEN: [[European Forest Genetic Resources Programme]]|access-date=2017-01-19|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020173831/http://www.euforgen.org/fileadmin//templates/euforgen.org/upload/Publications/Technical_guidelines/922_Technical_guidelines_for_genetic_conservation_and_use_for_wild_apple_and_pear__Malus_sylvestris_and_Pyrus_pyraster_.pdf|archivedate=2016-10-20}}</ref>. U salqin iqlimi boʻlgan chakalakzorlar va ochiq oʻrmonlarda, pasttekisliklarda, adirlarda va baʼzan togʻlarda uchraydi.

== Britaniyadagi yovvoyi nok ==


Angliyaning janubi-gʻarbiy qismida yovvoyi holda topilgan nokning yana bir turi, Plimut noki (''[[Pyrus cordata]]'') [[Bretan (tarixiy viloyat)|Bretandan]] olib kelingan oʻsimliklardan kelib chiqqan deb taxmin qilinadi.

== Galereya ==
<gallery>
Fayl:Rosaceae - Pyrus pyraster-2.JPG|''Pyrus piraster butasi''
Fayl:Wild Pear Tree in full blossom.JPG|''Pyrus piraster'' to'liq gullaydi
Fayl:Wild Pear Flowers detail.JPG|''Pyrus piraster gullariga yaqindan''
Fayl:Rosaceae - Pyrus pyraster - Perastro.JPG|''Pyrus piraster mevalari''
Fayl:Rosaceae - Pyrus pyraster.JPG|''Pyrus pirasterining mevalari''
Fayl:Rosaceae - Pyrus pyraster-1.JPG|''Pyrus piraster'' barglari
Fayl:Wildbirne Stammdetail, Pyrus pyraster.jpg|''Pyrus piraster daraxtining qobig'i''
</gallery>

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
[[Turkum: Noklar]]