Umaviylar masjidi (Mosul) sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Masjid}}
'''Mosul Umaviylar masjidi''' ({{Lang-ar|الجامع الأموي}}), '''Al-Atiq masjidi''' ({{Lang-ar|الجامع العتيق|links=no}}) nomi bilan ham tanilgan<ref>{{Cite book |last=Al-Mosuli |first=Sulaiman Saigh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qiwqDgAAQBAJ&dq=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84&pg=PT219 |title=History of Mosul |date=1923 |publisher=ktab INC. |language=ar}}</ref>, [[Iroq]]ning [[Mosul]] shahridagi katta tarixiy [[masjid]]. Dastlab VII asrda bunyod etilgan. 1810-yilda buzib tashlangan, shundan soʻng buzilgan joyning bir qismida hozirgi '''Al-Masfiy masjidi''' ({{Lang-ar|جامع المُصَفِّي|Jāmiʿ al-Muṣaffī|links=no}}) qurilgan. Bu masjid ham hanuzgacha Umaviylar masjidi nomi bilan mashhur<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last1=Aldroubi |first1=Mina |last2=Mahmoud |first2=Sinan |date=7 March 2024 |title=Al Masfi: Mosul's oldest mosque reopens nearly a decade after ISIS occupation |url=https://www.thenationalnews.com/mena/iraq/2024/03/07/al-masfi-mosuls-oldest-mosque-reopens-nearly-a-decade-after-isis-occupation/ |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=The National |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Restoration of Al Masfi Mosque in Mosul |url=https://www.aliph-foundation.org/en/projects/mosul-mosaic-restoration-of-al-masfi-mosque |access-date=2025-10-11 |website=Aliph Foundation |language=en}}</ref>.

== Tarixi ==
Mosulga taxminan 637-yilda<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Yusuf |first=Sharif |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_vzxDwAAQBAJ&dq=%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8&pg=PA38 |title=المدخل التاريخي لتاريخ العمارة العربية وتطورها |publisher=Al Manhal |year=2020 |isbn=9796500428611 |pages=38 |language=ar}}</ref> yoki milodiy 640-yil–641-yillarda<ref name=":0522">{{Cite book |last=Nováček |first=Karel |title=Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three |publisher=Brill |year=2021 |isbn=9789004161658 |editor-last=Fleet |editor-first=Kate |location= |pages= |language=en |chapter=Mosul architecture |editor-last2=Krämer |editor-first2=Gudrun |editor-last3=Matringe |editor-first3=Denis |editor-last4=Nawas |editor-first4=John |editor-last5=Rowson |editor-first5=Everett}}</ref> ilk [[musulmon]] arablar tomonidan asos solingan. Oʻrta asr arab manbalariga koʻra, [[xalifa]] [[Umar]] tomonidan musulmon qoʻshiniga boshliq qilib tayinlangan [[Arfaja|Arfaja al-Barikiy]]<ref name=":0523">{{EI2|last=Honigmann|title=al-Mawṣil|volume=6|pages=899-902|first=E.|first2=C.E.|last2=Bosworth|last3=Sluglett|first3=P.}}</ref> shaharni ''misr'' (harbiy lager) sifatida tashkil etgan va uning ichida [[Jome masjid|jome masjid]] qurdirgan<ref name=":0523" /><ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Nováček |first1=Karel |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uvYvEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA289 |title=Mosul after Islamic State: The Quest for Lost Architectural Heritage |last2=Melčák |first2=Miroslav |last3=Beránek |first3=Ondřej |last4=Starková |first4=Lenka |publisher=Springer Nature |year=2021 |isbn=978-3-030-62636-5 |language=en}}</ref>{{Rp|page=289}}. Shahar Umaviy xalifa [[Marvon II]] ({{hukmronlik|744|750}}) davrida yanada rivojlantirilgan boʻlib, ayrim manbalar masjidga ham aynan u asos solgan degan maʼlumotlarni keltiriladi<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":0523" />.

Masjid bir necha bor taʼmirlanib va kengaytirilib, katta maydonni egallagan; ehtimol, sharqdan gʻarbga {{Convert|110|m|ft}} boʻlgan<ref name=":0" />.{{Rp|page=289}} Katta qayta taʼmirlashlardan biri 1148-yilda [[Sayf al-Din Ghazi I|Sayf ad-Din Gʻoziy]] tomonidan buyurtma qilingan boʻlib, oʻsha paytda uning atrofida bir nechta [[Madrasa|madrasa]] va boshqa diniy muassasalar qoʻshilgan<ref name=":0" />.{{Rp|page=299}} Xuddi shu asrning keyinroq davrida yangi jome masjid — [[Mosuldagi al-Nuriy masjidi|an-Nuriy masjidi]] — bunyod etilgach, eski „Umaviylar masjidi“ning ahamiyati pasayib, eʼtiborsiz qolgan, biroq uning yaqinida muhim qabriston shakllangan<ref name=":0" />.{{Rp|page=292}}

Yomon ahvoldagi Umaviylar masjidi oxir-oqibat 1810-yilda buzib tashlangan<ref name=":0" />.{{Rp|page=289}} Bino qismlaridan saqlanib qolgan deb hisoblanadigan yagona narsa — an-Nuriy masjidi ichidagi bezakli ''[[Mehrob|mihrab]]'' boʻlib, ehtimol, buzish vaqtida yoki atrofida u binoga koʻchirib oʻtkazilgan<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Tabbaa |first=Yasser |date=1994 |title=The Transformation of Arabic Writing: Part 2, the Public Text |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4629463 |journal=Ars Orientalis |volume=24 |pages=134 |jstor=4629463 |issn=0571-1371}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Tabbaa |first=Yasser |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=09YHCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT195 |title=The Transformation of Islamic Art during the Sunni Revival |publisher=University of Washington Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-295-80393-7 |pages=181 (see note 38) |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=101}} Sobiq Umaviylar masjidi oʻrnida keyinchalik hozirgi kichikroq al-Masfi masjidi qurilgan<ref name=":0" />,{{Rp|page=289}} uni Muhammad Musaffiy az-Zahab ({{Lang-ar|محمد مُصَفِّي الذهب|links=no}}) asos solgan<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Francis |first=Bashir Youssef |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcsxDwAAQBAJ&dq=%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8&pg=PT237 |title=موسوعة المدن والمواقع في العراق - الجزء الأول |publisher=E-Kutub Ltd |isbn=978-1-78058-262-7 |pages=237 |language=ar |trans-title=Encyclopedia of cities and sites in Iraq (Volume 1)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Siouffi |first=Nicolas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vk_RAAAAMAAJ&q=%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%87%D8%A8 |title=مجموع الكتابات المحررة في ابنية مدينة الموصل |date=1956 |publisher=Maṭbaʻat Shafīq |language=ar}}</ref>. Masjidda al-Kavazin minorasi deb atalgan minora boʻlgan<ref name=":3" />.

Al-Masfi masjidi Mosuldan [[Iroq va Shom Islom Davlati|IShID]]ni haydab chiqarish uchun boʻlib oʻtgan [[Mosul jangi (2016–2017)|2017-yilgi jang]] vaqtida qattiq shikastlangan. Keyinchalik bino merosni asrashga bagʻishlangan xalqaro tashkilot — Aliph tomonidan restavratsiya qilingan. Unda 2021-yildan yana namoz oʻqila boshlangan va u 2024-yil mart oyida rasman qayta ochilgan<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" /><gallery widths="200" class="center" caption="Al-Masfi masjidi (2024-yilgi restavratsiyadan keyin)">
File:الجامع الأموي في الموصل 07.jpg|Hozirgi al-Masfi masjidining tashqi koʻrinishi
File:الجامع الأموي في الموصل 02.jpg|Al-Masfi masjidining ichki koʻrinishi
</gallery>

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

{{Commons turkum}}

[[Turkum:7-asrda qurib bitkazilgan masjidlar]]
[[Turkum:Mosuldagi masjidlar]]