Kobalt (III) ftorid sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

'''Kobalt (III)''' – ftorid formulaga ega [[Noorganik moddalar|noorganik birikmadir]] {{Chem2|CoF3}}. [[Gidratlar]]i ham ma'lum. Suvsiz birikma gigroskopik jigarrang qattiq moddadir. U ftororganik birikmalarni sintez qilish uchun ishlatiladi<ref name="Coe">{{Cite encyclopedia|author=Coe, P. L.|title=Cobalt(III) Fluoride|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis|year=2004|publisher=J. Wiley|doi=10.1002/047084289X.rc185|isbn=0471936235}}</ref>.

Tegishli kobalt (III) xlorid ham ma'lum, ammo juda beqaror.  Kobalt (III) bromid va kobalt (III) yodid sintez qilinmagan.

== Tuzilishi ==

=== Suvsiz ===
Suvsiz kobalt triflorid [[Romboedr|rombedral]] guruhda kristallanadi, ayniqsa [[Alyuminiy ftorid|alyuminiy triftorid]] motiviga ko'ra, ''a''=527,9 [[Pikometr|pm]], ''a''=56,97 °. Har bir kobalt atomi oktaedral geometriyada oltita ftor atomiga bog'langan, Co-F masofasi 189 pm. Har bir ftorid ikki tomonlama ko'prik liganddir. 

=== Gidratlar ===
Gidrat {{Chem2|CoF3*3.5H2O}} ma'lum. Bu yaxshiroq tasvirlangan deb taxmin qilinadi {{Chem2|[CoF3(H2O)3]*0.5H2O}}.

Gidrat haqida xabar bor {{Chem2|CoF3*3.5H2O}}, izomorf {{Chem2|AlF3*3H2O}}.

== Olinishi ==
Kobalt trifloridni laboratoriyada davolash orqali tayyorlash mumkin: 250&nbsp;°C da [[ftor]] bilan:  

: {{Chem2|CoCl2}}  +  3/2 {{Chem2|F2}}  →    {{Chem2|CoF3}}  +  {{Chem2|Cl2}}

Ushbu oksidlanish-qaytarilish reaksiyasida,{{Chem2|Co(2+)}} va {{Chem2|Cl(-)}} gacha oksidlanadi {{Chem2|Co(3+)}} va {{Chem2|Cl2}}, mos ravishda, esa {{Chem2|F2}} ga kamayadi {{Chem2|F(-)}}. Kobalt (II) oksidi (CoO) va kobalt (II) ftorid ({{Chem2|CoF2}}) ftor yordamida kobalt (III) ftoridga ham aylantirilishi mumkin. 

Murakkabni davolash orqali ham hosil qilish mumkin {{Chem2|CoCl2}} xlor triflorid bilan {{Chem2|ClF3}} yoki brom triflorid {{Chem2|BrF3}}. 

== Reaksiyalar ==
{{Chem2|CoF3}} suv bilan reaksiyaga kirishib erkin kislorodni hosil qiladi:

: 4{{Chem2|CoF3}} + 2 H <sub>2</sub> O → 4 HF + 4 Co{{Chem2|F2}} + O <sub>2</sub>

U ftorid tuzlari bilan reaksiyaga kirishib, anionni [CoF <sub>6</sub> ] <sup>3−</sup> hosil qiladi, bu ham yuqori spinli, oktaedral kobalt (III) markaziga ega.

== Ilovalar ==
CoF3 kuchli ftorlashuvchi moddadir u uglevodorodlarni perftorouglerodgacha qaytradi:

: 2{{Chem2|CoF3}} + RH → 2Co{{Chem2|F2}} + RF + HF

[[Kobalt (II) ftorid|Co{{Chem2|F2}}]] qo'shimcha mahsulotdir.

Bunday reaktsiyalar ba'zan qayta tashkil etish yoki boshqa reaktsiyalar bilan birga keladi<ref name="Coe">{{Cite encyclopedia|author=Coe, P. L.|title=Cobalt(III) Fluoride|encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis|year=2004|publisher=J. Wiley|doi=10.1002/047084289X.rc185|isbn=0471936235}}<cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1" data-ve-ignore="true" id="CITEREFCoe,_P._L.2004">Coe, P. L. (2004). "Cobalt(III) Fluoride". ''Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis''. J. Wiley. [[Raqamli obyekt identifikatori|doi]]:[[doi:10.1002/047084289X.rc185|10.1002/047084289X.rc185]]. [[ISBN]]&nbsp;[[Special:BookSources/0471936235|<bdi>0471936235</bdi>]].</cite></ref>. Tegishli reaktiv KCoF <sub>4</sub> ko'proq selektivdir.

== Gazsimon {{Chem2|CoF3}} ==
Gaz fazasida,{{Chem2|CoF3}} o'zining asosiy holatida tekis bo'lishi uchun hisoblangan va 3 marta aylanish o'qiga ega (simmetriya belgisi D<sub>3h</sub>).ʼ{{Chem2|Co(3+)}} ionining asosiy holati 3d<sup>6</sup> <sup>5</sup>D. Ftorid ligandlari bu holatni energiya tartibida <sup>5</sup>A', <sup>5</sup>E" va <sup>5</sup>E' holatlariga ajratadi. Birinchi energiya farqi kichik va <sup>5</sup>E" holati Jahn-Teller effektiga bo'ysunadi, shuning uchun asosiy holatga ishonch hosil qilish uchun bu ta'sirni hisobga olish kerak. Energiyani pasaytirish kichik va energiya tartibini o'zgartirmaydi.<ref>{{jurnal manbasi|last=Yates|first1=J. H.|last2=Pitzer|first2=R. M.|date=1979|title=Molecular and Electronic Structure of Transition Metal Trifluorides|journal=J. Chem. Phys.|volume=70|issue=9|pages=4049–4055|doi=10.1063/1.438027}}</ref>. Bu hisob hisoblangan energiya yuzalaridan foydalangan holda ''Jahn-Teller effektini'' birinchi davolash edi.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
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== Havolalar ==

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060219230038/http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/26.html Milliy ifloslantiruvchi moddalar inventarizatsiyasi - Kobalt faktlar varaqasi]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060116134617/http://www.npi.gov.au/database/substance-info/profiles/44.html Milliy ifloslantiruvchi moddalar inventarizatsiyasi - Ftorid va birikmalar ma'lumotlar varag'i].

[[Turkum:Co (III) birikmalari]]