Rainbow sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image|Ship image=Extreme Clipper Ship RAINBOW.jpg|Ship caption="Rainbow" kemasi}}
{{Infobox ship career|Hide header=|Ship country=AQSH|Ship flag=|Ship name=''Rainbow'' kemasi|Ship owner=[[Howland & Aspinwall]]|Ship ordered=|Ship builder=[[Smith and Dimon Shipyard|Smith & Dimon]], [[New York City|New York]]|Ship original cost=|Ship laid down=|Ship launched=1845-yil|Ship acquired=|Ship commissioned=|Ship decommissioned=|Ship in service=|Ship out of service=|Ship renamed=|Ship struck=|Ship reinstated=|Ship honours=|Ship captured=|Ship fate=1848-yil 17-martda yoki undan keyin g'oyib bo'lgan|Ship notes=}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics|Hide header=|Header caption=|Ship class=yuk tashuvchi kema|Ship tonnage=757 tonna|Ship length={{Convert|159|ft|0|in|m|abbr=on}}|Ship beam={{Convert|31|ft|10|in|m|abbr=on}}|Ship draft={{Convert|18|ft|4|in|m|abbr=on}}<ref name = "bruzelius">{{Cite web
  | last = Bruzelius
  | first = Lars
  | title = Sailing Ships: Rainbow (1845)
  | publisher = The Maritime History Virtual Archives
  | date = 1996-12-02
  | url = http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Rainbow%281845%29.html
  | access-date = Mar 25, 2010
  | arxivsana = 2008-10-07
  | arxivurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20081007000155/http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Rainbow%281845%29.html
  }}</ref>|Ship hold depth=|Ship propulsion=Dengizchilar|Ship sail plan=|Ship complement=|Ship notes=}}
|} „'''''Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasi''' 1845-yilda New Yorkda yaratilgan yelkanli kemaning bir turi. „Rainbow“'' yuk tashuvchi kemasi „Howland & Aspinwall“ firmasi tomonidan yaratilgan.

== Yuk tashuvchi kema ==
''"Rainbow"'' yuk tashuvchi kema hisoblangan. Kema 1845-yilda John W. Griffitsning gʻoyalariga muvofiq qurilgan va keyingi yili „Sea Witch“ nomli yuk tashish kemasi bilan birgalikda dengizga chiqarilgan. Ikkala kema ham AQShning dengiz savdosidagi qudratiga yetarllicha taʼsir koʻrsatgan<ref name="crothers1">{{Citation|last=Crothers|first1=William L|title=The American-Built Clipper Ship, 1850-56: Characteristics, Construction and Details|place=Camden, ME|publisher=International Marine|year=1997|page=ix}}</ref>. Dastlabki taxminlarda, „Rainbow“ yuk tashish kemasi birinchi safari chogʻida ketadi degan boʻlsa-da, kemaning keyingi muvaffaqiyati [[Boston]], [[New York (shahar)|New York]], [[Filadelfiya]] va Britaniya ishlab chiqarish kompaniyalaridagi kemasozlik sohasida yangi dizayn sifatida qabul qilinishiga olib keldi<ref name="vanmetre">
{{Citation|last=Van Metre|first1=Thurman William|title=Economic history of the United States|place=New York|publisher=H. Holt and Company|year=1921|pages=367–368|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lmsoAAAAYAAJ&q=%22clipper+ship%22+rainbow&pg=PA368}}</ref>.

== Dizayni ==
''"Rainbow"'' yuk tashish kemasining dizayni yuk tashish hajmini tezlik foydasiga ishlatish konsepsiyasi asosida yaratilgan. Griffitsning gʻoyalariga koʻra, ''"Rainbow"'' yuk tashish kemasi suv ustidagi kamonning choʻzilishi, oldinga tanasining tortilishi va oʻtkirlashishi va eng katta enini orqaga (oldingi dizaynlarga qaraganda orqaga, oldinga emas) oʻz ichiga oladi<ref name="clark">''THE CLIPPER SHIP ERA'', Clarke, Arthur H., 1912</ref>. Yuqoridagi oʻzgarishlar ''"Rainbow"'' yuk tashish kemasining suvga chidamliligini minimallashtirishga taʼsir koʻrsatdi. ''"Rainbow"'' yuk tashuvchi kemasini John W. Griffits oʻzining oldingi kemasining („Ann McKim“) dizaynnini oʻrganib chiqqanidan soʻng yaratgan<ref>{{Kitob manbasi|title=Clippers and whaling ships|last=McNeese|first=Tim|publisher=New York : Crestwood House; Toronto : Maxwell Macmillan; New York : Maxwell Macmillan International|year=1993|isbn=0896867358|pages=[https://archive.org/details/clipperswhalings00mcne/page/10 10-11]|url=https://archive.org/details/clipperswhalings00mcne/page/10}}</ref>.

== Dengizga chiqarilishi ==
"Rainbow" yuk tashuvchi kemasi har jihatdan ajoyib kema ekanligini isbotlangan, eng muhimi, u juda tez edi<ref name="clark52">{{Citation|last=Clark|first=A H|title=The clipper ship era; An epitome of famous American and British clipper ships, their owners, builders, commanders and crews, 1843-1869|place=New York|publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons|year=1912|chapter=Early Clipper Ships, 1842-1848|page=67|isbn=9780598281166|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVYuAAAAYAAJ&q=the+clipper+ship+era+rainbow&pg=PA65}}</ref>.

Birinchi dengiz safari davomida „Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasini kapitan Land boshqargan. „Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasi New Yorkka 1845-yil 19-sentyabrda qaytib kelgan. „Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasi oʻzining birinchi dengiz safarida 7 oy va 17 kun dengizda boʻlgan<ref name="greyhounds5">{{Citation|last=Cutler|first=Carl C.|title=Greyhounds of the Sea, the Story of the American Clipper Ship|place=Annapolis, MD|publisher=United States Naval Institute|orig-year=1930|year=1967|chapter=The New China Packets|pages=119–120}}</ref>.

Xitoyga ikkinchi safarida „Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasi atigi toʻqson ikki kun ichida shimoli-sharqiy mussonga qarshi chiqdi va 1848-yil 29-fevralda New York shahriga qaytib keldi va shamolda yaxshi suzish qobiliyatini namoyish etdi. Oʻshandan beri juda kam sonli yuk tashish kemalari „Rainbow“dan koʻra yaxshiroq natijaga erisha olishgan<ref name="greyhounds6">{{Citation|last=Cutler|first=Carl C.|title=Greyhounds of the Sea, the Story of the American Clipper Ship|place=Annapolis, MD|publisher=United States Naval Institute|orig-year=1930|year=1967|chapter=The New China Packets|page=131}}</ref>.
== Gʻoyib boʻlish ==
1848-yil 17-martda „Sea Witch“ nomli yuk tashish kemasi New Yorkka yetib keldi va Kantondan AQShgacha boʻlgan masofani 77 kunda bosib oʻtish rekordini oʻrnatdi.

Oʻsha kuni „Rainbow“ yuk tashish kemasi New Yorkdan Valparaiso va Xitoyga beshinchi safarini kapitan Hayes boshchiligida boshlagan edi. „Rainbow“ yuk tashish kemasi New Yorkni tark etganidan soʻng qaytib kelmagan va uni hech qayerdan topishning iloji boʻlmagan. Uni Keyp Horn yaqinida gʻoyib boʻlgan deb taxmin qilishadi<ref name="clark6">{{Citation|last=Clark|first=A H|title=The clipper ship era; An epitome of famous American and British clipper ships, their owners, builders, commanders and crews, 1843-1869|place=New York|publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons|year=1912|chapter=Early Clipper Ships, 1842-1848|pages=67–68|isbn=9780598281166|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HVYuAAAAYAAJ&q=the+clipper+ship+era+rainbow&pg=PA65}}</ref>.

== Rangi ==
Boshqa kemalardan farqlash uchun „Rainbow“ yuk tashuvchi kemasining pastki qismi yashil rangga boʻyalgan.

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

[[Turkum:Kemalar]]