Refah partiyasi sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

[[Image:RefahPartisiClock.jpg|thumb|right|Refah partiyasi emblemasi tasvirlangan soat. Partiya shiori „Adolat – bizning maqsadimiz.“]]
'''Refah partiyasi''' ({{lang-tr|Refah Partisi}}, RP) — [[Turkiya]]da faoliyat yuritgan islomiy siyosiy partiya. 1983-yilda [[Anqara]]da Ali Türkmen, Ahmet Tekdal va [[Necmettin Erbakan]] tomonidan siyosatdan taqiqlangan ikkita oldingi partiya – Milliy tartib partiyasi (MNP) va Milliy qutqarish partiyasining (MSP) merosxoʻri sifatida tashkil etilgan. RP oʻsha paytda shahar hokimligi saylovlarida qatnashib, [[Konya]], [[Shanliurfa]] va [[Van (shahar)|Van]] shaharlarida gʻalaba qozongan. Ularning ovoz ulushi taxminan 5% ni tashkil qilgan.

Refah partiyasi 1991-yilgi saylovlarda Millatchilik harakati partiyasi (MHP) va Islohotchilar demokratiyasi partiyasi (IDP) bilan uch tomonlama ittifoqda ishtirok etdi. Ular 16,9 foiz ovoz toʻplashdi. Ular parlamentga 62 nafar deputat saylashgan, lekin saylovdan soʻng MHPning 19 nafar deputati (1991-yil 25-dekabrda tuzilgan Demokratik harakat partiyasidan va 29-dekabrda MÇPga qoʻshilgan) hamda IDPning 3 nafar deputati Refah partiyasini tark etgan. Ularning saylovdagi ommaviy ovozi yillar davomida oshib bordi va 1996-yilda [[Turkiya Bosh vaziri|Bosh vazir]] Necmettin Erbakan yetakchiligida eng yirik partiyaga aylandi. Erbakan koalitsion hukumati 1997-yilda [[Islomchilik|islomiy kun tartibiga egalikda]] gumon qilinib, Turkiya harbiylari tomonidan [[28 fevral jarayoni|hokimiyatdan chetlatildi]]<ref name="Behind the Turkish Military’s Soft Coup ">{{cite journal|url=http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/51/294.html|access-date=28 August 2008|title=Behind the Turkish Military's "Soft Coup" |date=19 October 1997|journal=Green Left Weekly|volume=294|first=Michael|last=Karadjis}}</ref>.

1998-yilda Turkiya Konstitutsiya sudi Refah partiyasini siyosatdan chetlatdi, chunki u din va davlatni ajratish tamoyilini buzgan deb topilgan<ref>{{cite book|title=Antisemitism and Conspiracy Theories in Turkey|last=N. Bali|first=Rifat|year=2013|publisher=Libra|isbn=9786054326730|pages=185}}</ref>. Bu taqiq 2003-yil 13-fevralda Yevropa Inson Huquqlari Sudida (ECtHR) ham tasdiqlandi. [[Inson huquqlari boʻyicha Yevropa sudi]]ning [[Human Rights Watch]] tomonidan tanqid qilingan, chunki sud ilgari [[Turkiyada inson huquqlari|bir necha partiyalarni tarqatmaslikka]] qaror qilgan, ammo Refah partiyasini taqiq qilgani izchillikdan yiroq deb baholangan. Shu bilan birga, ECtHR oʻz qarorini himoya qilgan<ref name=HRWB>[http://hrw.org/english/docs/2008/07/31/turkey19521.htm Turkey: Party Case Shows Need for Reform – Ruling Party Narrowly Escapes Court Ban], ''[[Human Rights Watch]]'', 31 July 2008</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.icnl.org/KNOWLEDGE/ijnl/vol6iss1/special_5.htm |access-date=28 August 2008 |title=Refah Partisi (The Welfare Party) and Others v. Turkey |journal=International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law |volume=6 |issue=1 |publisher=International Center for Not-for-Profit Law |date=September 2003 |issn=1556-5157 |first=Christian |last=Moe |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925194912/http://www.icnl.org/KNOWLEDGE/ijnl/vol6iss1/special_5.htm |archive-date=25 September 2008 |archivedate=2008-09-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925194912/http://www.icnl.org/KNOWLEDGE/ijnl/vol6iss1/special_5.htm }}</ref>.

Turkiyaning amaldagi [[Turkiya prezidenti|prezidenti]] [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] partiyaning sobiq aʼzosi hisoblanadi<ref>{{cite news |title=Islamist party sees Erdogan support eroding in Turkey election |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-turkey-election-felicity-idUSKCN1IU1NB |publisher=Reuters |date=29 May 2018 |access-date=20 November 2019}}</ref>. Siyosatdan maʼlum muddat chetlatilgach, u ushbu islomiy partiyani tark etib, [[Adolat va Taraqqiyot partiyasi]]ni (AKP) tashkil qilgan. Turkiyaning sobiq [[Turkiya prezidenti|prezidenti]] [[Abdullah Gül]] Refah partiyasi tarqatilishiga qadar uning oʻrinbosar yetakchisi boʻlgan.

Shundan soʻng Refah partiyasi Yevropa inson huquqlari sudiga (ECtHR) murojaat qilib, Turkiya Oliy sudining ularning Yevropa inson huquqlari bitimining 11-moddasini – yigʻilish va birlashish huquqlarini himoya qiluvchi qoidani buzganini bildirgan. Refah, shuningdek, bitimning 9, 10, 14, 17 va 18-moddalarida va 1-sonli protokolning 1 va 3-moddalarida himoyalangan huquqlari buzilganidan shikoyat qildi.

== Partiyani tarqatilishi ==
Refah partiyasi siyosiy maydonga, kambagʻal aholi amaldagi hukumatdan norozi boʻlgan davrda kirib keldi<ref>Çağatay Cengiz, Fatih (31 August 2020). ''Turkey: The Pendulum between Military Rule and Civilian Authoritarianism''. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. pp. 97–129. {{ISBN|978-90-04-43556-8}}.</ref>. Islomiy notiqlik sanʼatiga tayangan holda ular shariat qonunining ayrim jihatlarini targʻib qilgan. Turkiya dunyoviy davlat sifatida ularning diniy gʻoyalariga qarshi chiqqan. Turkiya Konstitutsiyasining 2.1-moddasida Turkiya „demokratik, dunyoviy va ijtimoiy davlat hisoblangan<ref>“[https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkey_2017 Turkey 1982 (rev. 2017) Constitution – Constitute]". ''www.constituteproject.org''. Retrieved 2024-05-14</ref>. Rafohning teotsentrik siyosati va nutqlari dunyoviylikka boʻlgan bu sodiqlikni buzdi. 1998-yil 16-yanvarda Konstitutsiyaviy sud Refah partiyasini tarqatib yubordi, chunki u „dunyoviylik tamoyiliga qarshi faoliyat markaziga“ aylandi<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=European Court of Human Rights |date=2003-02-13 |title=Refah Partisi (and Others) v. Turkey |url=https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng-press?i=003-698131-706228 |access-date=2024-05-15 |website=HUDOC}}</ref>.

== Saylov natijalari ==
=== Buyuk Millat Majlisi ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Saylov sanasi
!Partiya rahbari
!Ovozlar
!Ovozlarning foizi
!Oʻrinlar
!Hukumat
|-
|[[1987 Turkish general election|1987]]
| rowspan="8" |[[Necmettin Erbakan]]
|1,717,425
|7.20%
|{{Composition bar|0|450|hex={{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|{{no|[[Motherland Party (Turkey)|ANAP]]}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[1991 Turkish general election|1991]]
| rowspan="2" |4,121,355
| rowspan="2" |16.87%
| rowspan="2" |{{Composition bar|62|450|hex={{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|{{no|[[True Path Party|DYP]]-[[Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)|SHP]]}}
|-
|{{no|[[True Path Party|DYP]] kamchilik}}
|-
| rowspan="5" |[[1995 Turkish general election|1995]]
| rowspan="5" |6,012,450
| rowspan="5" |21.38%
| rowspan="5" |{{Composition bar|158|550|hex={{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|{{no|[[True Path Party|DYP]]-[[Republican People's Party|CHP]]}}
|-
|{{no|[[True Path Party|DYP]]-[[Motherland Party (Turkey)|ANAP]]}}
|-
|{{yes|RP-[[True Path Party|DYP]]}}
|-
|{{no|[[Motherland Party (Turkey)|ANAP]]-[[Democratic Left Party (Turkey)|DSP]]-[[Democrat Turkey Party|DTP]]}}
|-
|{{no|[[Democratic Left Party (Turkey)|DSP]] kamchilik}}
|}

=== Mahalliy saylovlar ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! rowspan="2" |Saylov sanasi
! rowspan="2" |partiya rahbari
! colspan="2" |Provinsiya kengashi
! rowspan="2" |'''Mintaqalar soni'''
|-
!Ovozlar
!%
|-
|[[1984 Turkish local elections|1984]]
|[[Ahmet Tekdal]]
|780.342
|4.40%
|{{Composition bar|16|1700|{{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|-
|[[1989 Turkish local elections|1989]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Necmettin Erbakan]]
|2.170.431
|9.80%
|{{Composition bar|74|1984|{{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|-
|[[1994 Turkish local elections|1994]]
|5.388.195
|19.14%
|{{Composition bar|329|2695|{{party color|Welfare Party}}}}
|}

== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}

[[Turkum:Siyosiy partiyalar]]
[[Turkum:Islomiy partiyalar]]
[[Turkum:Turkiyada siyosat]]