Ziyosfera

Ruminlar: Versiyalar orasidagi farq

Avtomatik translit va nom yoʻnaltirishi: Ruminlar
Oʻzbekiston Milliy Ensiklopediyasi (OʻZME) loyihasidan 100% asl holatida import qilindi.
#YOʻNALTIRISH [[Ruminlar]]
{{Infobox Millat
|group  = Ruminlar<br />''Români''
|image  = 12 Romanians.PNG
|population = 23,8 million
|popplace= '''{{flagcountry|Romania}}''' 16,869,816 <small>(2011 Census)</small> {{lower|<ref>[http://www.insse.ro/cms/files/statistici/comunicate/alte/2012/Comunicat%20DATE%20PROVIZORII%20RPL%202011.pdf]</ref>}}
|region1 ='''{{flagcountry|Moldova}}'''
|pop1 =73,529 <small>(2004 Census)</small> <br /><small>(additional 2,741,849)</small>
|ref1 ={{lower|<ref>[http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=295&id=2234 Moldovan Census 2004]</ref>}}
|region2 = {{flagcountry|Italy}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop2 = 997,000<br /><small>(shularning ichida 130,948 nafari [[Moldavanlar]])</small>
|ref2 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/in_calendario/inddemo/20110124_00/testointegrale20110124.pdf] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120105231338/http://www3.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/in_calendario/inddemo/20110124_00/testointegrale20110124.pdf |date=2012-01-05 }} ISTAT - Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ''Indicatori demografici'' (1° gennaio 2011)</ref>}}
|region3 = {{flagcountry|Spain}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop3 = 895,970 <br /><small>(shularning ichida 20,000 nafari [[Moldavanlar]])</small>
|ref3 =<ref>[http://www.ine.es/en/prensa/np710_en.pdf]</ref>
|region4 = {{flagcountry|USA}}
|pop4 = 518,653
|ref4 = {{lower|<ref>[http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_09_1YR_B04003&prodType=table].</ref>}}
|region5 = {{flagcountry|Ukraine}}
|pop5 = 150,989<br /><small>(additional 258,619 [[Moldovans]])</small>
|ref5 = {{lower|<ref>As per the [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|2001 Ukrainian National Census]] ([http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=80&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20&n_page=5 data-ro] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604202712/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=80&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20&n_page=5 |date=2009-06-04 }}
[http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=60&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20&n_page=4 data-md] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165503/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/nationality_population/nationality_1/s5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=60&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20&n_page=4 |date=2007-09-30 }}).</ref>}}
|region6 = {{flagcountry|Germany}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop6 = 159,222 <small>(additional 11,872 [[Moldovans]])</small>
|ref6 = {{lower|<ref>[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/Bevoelkerung/MigrationIntegration/AuslaendBevoelkerung2010200117004.pdf?__blob=publicationFile], 31-Dec. 2011-yil German Statistical Office. The number for Germany does ''not'' count more than one million [[Banat Swabians|Swabians]] and [[Transylvanian Saxons|Saxons]] whose families historically lived in [[Banat]] and [[Transylvania]], and who migrated to Germany at various times in the 20th century. This group of people still speaks Romanian.</ref>}}
|region7 = {{flagcountry|Canada}}
|pop7 = 79,650 — 192,170 <small>(incl. mixed origin)</small>
|ref7 = {{lower|<ref>[[Statistics Canada]], [[Canada 2006 Census]]. [http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 target audience - Demographic Information- Sarmis ROMEDIA] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190106221808/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-562/pages/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Table=2&Data=Count&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |date=2019-01-06 }}</ref>}}
|region8 = {{flagcountry|UK}}
|pop8 = 85,000
|ref8 =<ref>http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/may-2012/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality.xls{{Oʻlikhavola|date=may 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|region9 = {{flagcountry|France}}
|pop9 = 50,000
|ref9 = {{lower|<ref name="Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni - France">{{Citation |year= |title=Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Franta |url=http://www.dprp.gov.ro/franta/ |access-date=2012-10-16 |archivedate=2012-12-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20121221132951/http://www.dprp.gov.ro/franta/ }}</ref>}}
|region10 = {{flagcountry|Belgium}}
|pop10 = 45,877
|ref10 = {{lower|<ref name="Non-Profit Data">[http://www.npdata.be/BuG/155-Vreemde-afkomst/Vreemde-afkomst.htm Non-Profit Data]</ref>}}
|region11 = {{flagcountry|Portugal}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop11 = 39,312<br /><small>(additional 13,586 [[Moldovans]])</small>
|ref11 = {{lower|<ref>[http://sefstat.sef.pt/Docs/Distritos_2011.pdf 2011 Portugal foreigners]</ref>}}
|region12 = {{flagcountry|Austria}}
|pop12 = 36,000
|ref12 = {{lower|<ref name="Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni - Austria">{{Citation |year= |title=Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Austria |url=http://www.dprp.gov.ro/austria/ |access-date=2012-10-16 |archivedate=2012-12-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20121221113015/http://www.dprp.gov.ro/austria/ }}</ref>}}
|region13 = {{flagcountry|Serbia}}
|pop13 = 34,576<br /><small>(additional 40,054 [[Vlachs of Serbia|Vlachs]])</small>
|ref13 = {{lower|<ref>[http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/en/Zip/CensusBook1.pdf 2002 Serbia Census] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327035536/http://webrzs.stat.gov.rs/axd/en/Zip/CensusBook1.pdf |date=2009-03-27 }}.</ref>}}
|region14 = {{flagcountry|Mercosur}}
|pop14 = 28,000
|ref14 = {{lower|{{lower|<ref name="Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Nordic Countries">[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/america-latina/ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni America Latina]</ref>}}}}
|region15 = {{flagcountry|Greece}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop15 = 25,375<br /><small>(additional 9,920 [[Moldovans]])</small>
|ref15 = {{lower|<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/A1605/Other/A1605_SPO15_TB_AN_00_2006_07_F_EN.pdf|title=General Secretariat of National Statistical Service of Greece|format=PDF|accessdate=2012-10-16|archivedate=2011-06-05|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605162741/http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/A1605/Other/A1605_SPO15_TB_AN_00_2006_07_F_EN.pdf}} {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120745/http://www.statistics.gr/portal/page/portal/ESYE/BUCKET/A1605/Other/A1605_SPO15_TB_AN_00_2006_07_F_EN.pdf |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>}}
|region16 = {{flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Cyprus]]<sup>1</sup>
|pop16 = 24,376
|ref16 = {{lower|<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=http://www.cystat.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/732265957BAC953AC225798300406903?OpenDocument&sub=2&sel=1&e=|title=Cyprus 2011 census|publisher=cystat.gov.cy|qaralgan sana=2012-10-16|arxivsana=2013-01-15|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115100623/http://www.cystat.gov.cy/mof/cystat/statistics.nsf/All/732265957BAC953AC225798300406903?OpenDocument&sub=2&sel=1&e=}}</ref>}}
|region17 = {{flagcountry|Sweden}}
|pop17 = 21,016 <small>born in Romania</small>
|ref17 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.ssd.scb.se/databaser/makro/SubTable.asp?yp=tansss&xu=C9233001&omradekod=BE&huvudtabell=UtrikesFoddaR&omradetext=Population&tabelltext=Foreign%2Dborn+persons+in+Sweden+by+country+of+birth%2C+age+and+sex%2E+Year&preskat=O&prodid=BE0101&starttid=2000&stopptid=2005&Fromwhere=M&lang=2&langdb=2 Foreign-born persons in Sweden by country of birth] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153953/http://www.ssd.scb.se/databaser/makro/SubTable.asp?yp=tansss&xu=C9233001&omradekod=BE&huvudtabell=UtrikesFoddaR&omradetext=Population&tabelltext=Foreign-born+persons+in+Sweden+by+country+of+birth,+age+and+sex.+Year&preskat=O&prodid=BE0101&starttid=2000&stopptid=2005&Fromwhere=M&lang=2&langdb=2 |date=2011-09-27 }}, 2005</ref>}}
|region18 = {{flagcountry|Australia}}
|pop18 = 18,320
|ref18 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=404&documentproductno=0&documenttype=Details&order=1&tabname=Details&areacode=0&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=TLPD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Ancestry& 2006 Australian census] {{Webarxiv|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080722065340/http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=404&documentproductno=0&documenttype=Details&order=1&tabname=Details&areacode=0&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=TLPD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Ancestry& |date=2008-07-22 }} reports 18,320 people of Romanian ancestry</ref>}}
|region19 = {{flagcountry|Ireland}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop19 = 17,995
|ref19 = {{lower|<ref name="Irish Census of 2011: Ireland becoming more Diverse">{{Veb manbasi |sarlavha=Irish Census of 2011: Ireland becoming more Diverse |url=http://lifeconsulting.ie/?p=535 |qaralgan sana=2012-10-16 |arxivsana=2012-12-21 |arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221025700/http://lifeconsulting.ie/?p=535 }}</ref>}}
|region20 = {{flagcountry|Netherlands}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop20 = 16,987
|ref20 = {{lower|<ref name="nld">{{veb manbasi|url=http://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37325&D1=0&D2=a&D3=0&D4=0&D5=2-4,38,182,209&D6=0,6,8,12,15-16&HDR=G2,T,G3,G5,G4&STB=G1&VW=T| title=CBS Statline| publisher=Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 2012| accessdate=2012-10-21}}</ref>}}
|region21 = {{flagcountry|Denmark}}
|pop21 = 10,862
|ref21 =<ref>{{veb manbasi|title=Statistics Denmark:FOLK2: Population 1. January by sex, age, ancestry, country of origin and citizenship|url=http://www.statbank.dk/statbank5a/default.asp?w=1280|publisher=Statistics Denmark|accessdate=3-avgust 2012-yil}}</ref>
|region22 = {{flagcountry|Hungary}}
|pop22 = 7,995
|ref22 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.nepszamlalas.hu/eng/volumes/06/00/tabeng/2/load01_12_0.html 2001 Hungarian census]</ref>}}
|region23 = {{flagcountry|Norway}}
|pop23 = 5,500
|ref23 = {{lower|{{lower|<ref name="Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Nordic Countries">[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/tarile-nordice/ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Tarile Nordice]</ref>}}}}
|region24 = {{flagcountry|Czech Republic}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop24 = 5,069<br />
|ref24 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/cehia/ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Cehia]</ref>}}
|region25 = {{flagcountry|Switzerland}}
|pop25 = 5,000<br />
|ref25 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/elvetia/ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Elvetia]</ref>}}
|region26 = {{flagcountry|Russia}}
|pop26 = 3,201 <br /><small>(additional 156,400 [[Moldovans]])</small>
|ref26 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/tab5.xls 2010 Russia Census]</ref>}}
|region27 = {{flagcountry|Japan}}
|pop27 = 3,300<br />
|ref27 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/extremul-orient/ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Extremul Orient]</ref>}}
|region28 = {{flagcountry|New Zealand}}
|pop28 = 3,100
|ref28 = {{lower|<ref name="dprp.gov.ro">[http://www.dprp.gov.ro/australia-si-noua-zeelanda/]</ref>}}
|region29 = {{flagcountry|South Africa}}
|pop29 = 3,000
|ref29 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.mae.ro/index.php?unde=doc&id=24106]</ref>}}
|region30 = {{flagcountry|Turkey}}<sup>1</sup>
|pop30 = 1,304
|ref30 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.politics.ankara.edu.tr/dosyalar/MMTY/36/9_birol_akgun_zeynep_sahin.pdf]</ref>}}
|region31 = {{flagcountry|Bulgaria}}
|pop31 = 891 <br /><small>(additional 3,684 [[Vlachs of Serbia|Vlachs]])</small>
|ref31 = {{lower|<ref>[http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Reports/2/2/R7.aspx 2011 Bulgaria Census]</ref>}}
|region32 = {{flagcountry|Kazakhstan}}
|pop32 = 421<br /><small>(shulardan 14,245 [[Moldavanlar]])</small>
|ref32 = {{lower|<ref>[http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%20%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2.rar Ethnic composition, religion and language skills in the Republic of Kazakhstan]</ref>}}
|languages = [[Rumin tili]]<br />
|religions = [[Masihiylik]]
|related = [[Moldavanlar]], [[Aruminlar]]
}}
 
<!-- Bot tomonidan qoʻshilgan matn boshi -->
'''Ruminlar''' (oʻzlarini — romanlar deb atashadi; {{Lang-la|romanus}} — "rimlik"dan) — xalq, [[Ruminiya]]ning asosiy aholisi (20,55 mln. kishi). Umumiy soni 21 mln. kishi (1990-yillar oʻrtalari), jumladan, Rossiya Federatsiyasida 6 mingga yaqin kishi. Rumin tilida soʻzlashadi. Dindorlari — asosan, pravoslavlar. Rumin xalqining shakllanishida sobiq Qad. Rim imperiyasining provinsiyalari (viloyatlari) Dakiya va Myoziyada yashagan va Rim hukmronligi davrida (106—271 yillar) romanlashgan kabilalar (dakiyaliklar, getlar va boshqalar), shuningdek, romanlashmagan erkin dakiyaliklar va <nowiki>VI</nowiki> asrdan slavyanlar qatnashganlar. <nowiki>X</nowiki> asrdan Vizantiya, slavyan, soʻngra venger tarixiy manbalarida R. "vlaxlar", "voloxlar" nomi bilan qayd etilgan. 1862-yil yagona Ruminiya davlati barpo etilgan. Aholisining asosiy qismi qishloq xoʻjaligi va sanoat korxonalarida band.<ref>[[OʻzME]]. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil</ref>
<!-- Bot tomonidan qoʻshilgan matn oxiri -->
 
'''Ruminlar''' (rumin tilida — romin, lotin tilida esa romanus — „rimdik“) — millat, [[Ruminiya]]ning tub xalqi. [[Vengriya]], [[Bolgariya]], [[AQSh]], [[Kanada]], v.b. davlatlarda istiqomat qilishadi. Umumiy soni 23,8 mln. kishidan ziyod ([[2004]]), shulardan [[Ruminiya]]da 19 mln., qolganlari boshqa davlatlarda. Roman guruhining sharqiy tormogʻi sanalmish [[rumin tili]]da gaplashadi. Bir nechta govorlari (muntyan, banat, krishan, v.h.) bor. Koʻpchiligi [[masihiylik]] dinining pravoslavie tarmogʻiga mansub.
 
== Rumin tili ==
[[Rumin tili]] tillarning hindevropalik oilasiga roman guruhining balqan-roman ostguruhiga kiradi. Mana bu dialektlari oʻzgachadir: banatlik, krishanlik, muntyanlik, moldaviyalik (Moldova tarixiy oʻlkasining dialekti), maramureshlik Leksikada janubiy slavyanliklarning taʼsiri koʻp. Rumin tili balqanlik tilli ittifoqqa kiradi. Ilk yodgorliklari (xatlar, ish qogʻozlar, diniy matnlarning tarjimalari) 17 asrning boshlariga kiradi (tarixiy yilnomalar). Badiy adabiyot 18 asrning oxirlaridan boshlab paydo boʻla boshlaydi. Boshlanishida [[kirill alifbosi]] foydalanib, 1860-yili [[lotin alifbosi]]ga oʻtadi.
 
== Diniy etiqodlari ==
Diniy etiqodlari — pravoslavieliklar, protestantlar va katoliklar ham bor. Ruminlar katta evropeoid irqining hindi-oʻrtaerdengizi nasilining pontiylik tipiga kiradi; togʻli tumanlarida katta evropeoidlik irqining balqanlik-kavkazlik irqining dinarlik antropologiyalik tiplari bor. Rumin etnosining asosida getlar bilan daklarning frakiylik qabilalari mavjud. Ruminlarning bobokalonlarining shakllanishining asosiy davri ularning erlarida Meziya (mil.av. 1 a. — milodiy 5 a.) va Dakiya (milodiy 2-3 asrlarda.) provinsiyalari tashkil topgan Rim imperiyasi davridagi get-daklarning romanlanishi boʻldi. 6 asrga tomon materiallik va ruxaniy madaniyatiga taʼsir qilgan slavyanlar bilan aloqalashgan dak-romanlik etnos jamoat tashkil topdi. Quyi Dunayning chap qirgʻogʻidagi slavyanlarning koʻpchiligi roman tilli xalq bilan qoʻshilib ketdi. Milodiy 1 va 2-mingyilliklarda sharqiy roman voloxlik etnos jamoasi tashkil topdi.
 
== Milliy xoʻjaligi ==
Milliy xoʻjaligi — dehqonchilik, uzum bilan shugʻullanish, bogʻbonchilik, <nowiki>XIX</nowiki> asrning boshlarigacha asosiy chorvachiligi mol boqish boʻldi. Kasb-hunarlari — toʻqimachilik, qish, duradgorchilik, teri oshlash v.h yaxshi rivojlangan.
 
== Milliy taomlari ==
Milliy taomlari — makkajoʻhori unidan mamaliga va yupqa non (melay), boʻrsh (chor-be), kozonak — kulichning bir turi,
 
Rojdestvoga, Yangi yilga va har doim toʻyiga oʻrilgan(kolak) pishiradi. Karam yoki uzum yapiroqlarida golubsi tayyorlaydi. Qavurdoq (tokane), drob — marqaning ichaklaridan tayyorlanadigan taom. Qoʻldan yasalgan uzum sharoblari va aroq — suyka keng qamrov olgan.
 
== Galeriya ==
<gallery>
Fayl:Paleo-Balkan_languages_in_Eastern_Europe_between_5th_and_1st_century_BC_-_Spanish_and_English.png
Fayl:Bgiusca Jirecek Line.jpg
Fayl:Theoretical map of Romanian origins.png
</gallery>
 
<gallery>
Fayl:A_Yugoslav_view_on_6th_to_8th_century_ethnic_distribution_in_Romania.svg.png
Fayl:FormatiuniPoliticeRomanestiSecolele IX XIII.svg
Fayl:Map-balkans-vlachs.png
</gallery>
 
<gallery>
Fayl:Romanians before WW1.jpg
Fayl:Romania harta etnica 2011.PNG
Fayl:RomaniansInBalkans.png
</gallery>
 
== Manbalar ==
{{manbalar}}
 
{{OʻzME}}

$2, $3 dagi (joriy) koʻrinishi

Ruminlar
Români
Umumiy aholi soni

23,8 million

Katta aholiga ega mintaqalar
 Ruminiya 16,869,816 (2011 Census) [1]
 Moldova 73,529 (2004 Census)
(additional 2,741,849)		 [2]
 Italiya1 997,000
(shularning ichida 130,948 nafari Moldavanlar)		 [3]
 Ispaniya1 895,970
(shularning ichida 20,000 nafari Moldavanlar)		 [4]
 Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari 518,653 [5]
 Ukraina 150,989
(additional 258,619 Moldovans)		 [6]
 Germaniya1 159,222 (additional 11,872 Moldovans) [7]
 Kanada 79,650 — 192,170 (incl. mixed origin) [8]
 Buyuk Britaniya 85,000 [9]
 Fransiya 50,000 [10]
 Belgiya 45,877 [11]
 Portugaliya1 39,312
(additional 13,586 Moldovans)		 [12]
 Avstriya 36,000 [13]
 Serbiya 34,576
(additional 40,054 Vlachs)		 [14]
 Mercosur 28,000 [15]
 Gretsiya1 25,375
(additional 9,920 Moldovans)		 [16]
Kipr Cyprus1 24,376 [17]
 Shvetsiya 21,016 born in Romania [18]
 Avstraliya 18,320 [19]
 Irlandiya1 17,995 [20]
 Niderlandiya1 16,987 [21]
 Daniya 10,862 [22]
 Vengriya 7,995 [23]
 Norvegiya 5,500 [15]
 Chexiya1 5,069
 [24]
 Shveysariya 5,000
 [25]
 Rossiya 3,201
(additional 156,400 Moldovans)		 [26]
 Yaponiya 3,300
 [27]
 Yangi Zelandiya 3,100 [28]
 Janubiy Afrika 3,000 [29]
 Turkiya1 1,304 [30]
 Bolgariya 891
(additional 3,684 Vlachs)		 [31]
Tillar
Rumin tili
Dinlar
Masihiylik
Qarindosh etnik guruhlar
Moldavanlar, Aruminlar

Ruminlar (oʻzlarini — romanlar deb atashadi; lotincha: romanus — "rimlik"dan) — xalq, Ruminiyaning asosiy aholisi (20,55 mln. kishi). Umumiy soni 21 mln. kishi (1990-yillar oʻrtalari), jumladan, Rossiya Federatsiyasida 6 mingga yaqin kishi. Rumin tilida soʻzlashadi. Dindorlari — asosan, pravoslavlar. Rumin xalqining shakllanishida sobiq Qad. Rim imperiyasining provinsiyalari (viloyatlari) Dakiya va Myoziyada yashagan va Rim hukmronligi davrida (106—271 yillar) romanlashgan kabilalar (dakiyaliklar, getlar va boshqalar), shuningdek, romanlashmagan erkin dakiyaliklar va VI asrdan slavyanlar qatnashganlar. X asrdan Vizantiya, slavyan, soʻngra venger tarixiy manbalarida R. "vlaxlar", "voloxlar" nomi bilan qayd etilgan. 1862-yil yagona Ruminiya davlati barpo etilgan. Aholisining asosiy qismi qishloq xoʻjaligi va sanoat korxonalarida band.[32]

Ruminlar (rumin tilida — romin, lotin tilida esa romanus — „rimdik“) — millat, Ruminiyaning tub xalqi. Vengriya, Bolgariya, AQSh, Kanada, v.b. davlatlarda istiqomat qilishadi. Umumiy soni 23,8 mln. kishidan ziyod (2004), shulardan Ruminiyada 19 mln., qolganlari boshqa davlatlarda. Roman guruhining sharqiy tormogʻi sanalmish rumin tilida gaplashadi. Bir nechta govorlari (muntyan, banat, krishan, v.h.) bor. Koʻpchiligi masihiylik dinining pravoslavie tarmogʻiga mansub.

Rumin tili

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Rumin tili tillarning hindevropalik oilasiga roman guruhining balqan-roman ostguruhiga kiradi. Mana bu dialektlari oʻzgachadir: banatlik, krishanlik, muntyanlik, moldaviyalik (Moldova tarixiy oʻlkasining dialekti), maramureshlik Leksikada janubiy slavyanliklarning taʼsiri koʻp. Rumin tili balqanlik tilli ittifoqqa kiradi. Ilk yodgorliklari (xatlar, ish qogʻozlar, diniy matnlarning tarjimalari) 17 asrning boshlariga kiradi (tarixiy yilnomalar). Badiy adabiyot 18 asrning oxirlaridan boshlab paydo boʻla boshlaydi. Boshlanishida kirill alifbosi foydalanib, 1860-yili lotin alifbosiga oʻtadi.

Diniy etiqodlari

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Diniy etiqodlari — pravoslavieliklar, protestantlar va katoliklar ham bor. Ruminlar katta evropeoid irqining hindi-oʻrtaerdengizi nasilining pontiylik tipiga kiradi; togʻli tumanlarida katta evropeoidlik irqining balqanlik-kavkazlik irqining dinarlik antropologiyalik tiplari bor. Rumin etnosining asosida getlar bilan daklarning frakiylik qabilalari mavjud. Ruminlarning bobokalonlarining shakllanishining asosiy davri ularning erlarida Meziya (mil.av. 1 a. — milodiy 5 a.) va Dakiya (milodiy 2-3 asrlarda.) provinsiyalari tashkil topgan Rim imperiyasi davridagi get-daklarning romanlanishi boʻldi. 6 asrga tomon materiallik va ruxaniy madaniyatiga taʼsir qilgan slavyanlar bilan aloqalashgan dak-romanlik etnos jamoat tashkil topdi. Quyi Dunayning chap qirgʻogʻidagi slavyanlarning koʻpchiligi roman tilli xalq bilan qoʻshilib ketdi. Milodiy 1 va 2-mingyilliklarda sharqiy roman voloxlik etnos jamoasi tashkil topdi.

Milliy xoʻjaligi

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Milliy xoʻjaligi — dehqonchilik, uzum bilan shugʻullanish, bogʻbonchilik, XIX asrning boshlarigacha asosiy chorvachiligi mol boqish boʻldi. Kasb-hunarlari — toʻqimachilik, qish, duradgorchilik, teri oshlash v.h yaxshi rivojlangan.

Milliy taomlari

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Milliy taomlari — makkajoʻhori unidan mamaliga va yupqa non (melay), boʻrsh (chor-be), kozonak — kulichning bir turi,

Rojdestvoga, Yangi yilga va har doim toʻyiga oʻrilgan(kolak) pishiradi. Karam yoki uzum yapiroqlarida golubsi tayyorlaydi. Qavurdoq (tokane), drob — marqaning ichaklaridan tayyorlanadigan taom. Qoʻldan yasalgan uzum sharoblari va aroq — suyka keng qamrov olgan.

Galeriya

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Manbalar

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  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ↑ Moldovan Census 2004
  3. ↑ [2] (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-01-05 sanasida arxivlangan) ISTAT - Istituto Nazionale di Statistica Indicatori demografici (1° gennaio 2011)
  4. ↑ [3]
  5. ↑ [4].
  6. ↑ As per the 2001 Ukrainian National Census (data-ro (Wayback Machine saytida 2009-06-04 sanasida arxivlangan) data-md (Wayback Machine saytida 2007-09-30 sanasida arxivlangan)).
  7. ↑ [5], 31-Dec. 2011-yil German Statistical Office. The number for Germany does not count more than one million Swabians and Saxons whose families historically lived in Banat and Transylvania, and who migrated to Germany at various times in the 20th century. This group of people still speaks Romanian.
  8. ↑ Statistics Canada, Canada 2006 Census. target audience - Demographic Information- Sarmis ROMEDIA (Wayback Machine saytida 2019-01-06 sanasida arxivlangan)
  9. ↑ http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/may-2012/population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality.xls[sayt ishlamaydi]
  10. ↑ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Franta, 2012-12-21da asl nusxadan arxivlandi, qaraldi: 2012-10-16
  11. ↑ Non-Profit Data
  12. ↑ 2011 Portugal foreigners
  13. ↑ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Austria, 2012-12-21da asl nusxadan arxivlandi, qaraldi: 2012-10-16
  14. ↑ 2002 Serbia Census (Wayback Machine saytida 2009-03-27 sanasida arxivlangan).
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni America Latina Manba xatosi: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Nordic Countries" defined multiple times with different content
  16. ↑ „General Secretariat of National Statistical Service of Greece“ (PDF). 2011-yil 5-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 16-oktyabr. (Wayback Machine saytida 2015-09-24 sanasida arxivlangan)
  17. ↑ „Cyprus 2011 census“. cystat.gov.cy. 2013-yil 15-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 16-oktyabr.
  18. ↑ Foreign-born persons in Sweden by country of birth (Wayback Machine saytida 2011-09-27 sanasida arxivlangan), 2005
  19. ↑ 2006 Australian census (Wayback Machine saytida 2008-07-22 sanasida arxivlangan) reports 18,320 people of Romanian ancestry
  20. ↑ „Irish Census of 2011: Ireland becoming more Diverse“. 2012-yil 21-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 16-oktyabr.
  21. ↑ „CBS Statline“. Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek 2012. Qaraldi: 2012-yil 21-oktyabr.
  22. ↑ „Statistics Denmark:FOLK2: Population 1. January by sex, age, ancestry, country of origin and citizenship“. Statistics Denmark. Qaraldi: 3-avgust 2012-yil.
  23. ↑ 2001 Hungarian census
  24. ↑ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Cehia
  25. ↑ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Elvetia
  26. ↑ 2010 Russia Census
  27. ↑ Departamentul Românilor de Pretutindeni Extremul Orient
  28. ↑ [6]
  29. ↑ [7]
  30. ↑ [8]
  31. ↑ 2011 Bulgaria Census
  32. ↑ OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil 



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