Vipassī sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

{{Budda bilgiqutisi|ism=Vipassī Budda|tasvir=File:Indian Museum Sculpture - Vipassi and Patali Tree (9220416654).jpg|tasvir izohi=Hindiston muzeyidagi Bharhut stupasidan Vipassi va patali daraxti, Kalkotta.|sanskritcha nomi=विपश्यिन्<br>Vipaśyin Budda|palicha nomi=Vipassī Buddha|singalcha nomi=විපස්සී බුදුන් වහන්සේ<br>''Vipassi Budun Vahanse''|birmacha nomi={{lang|my|ဝိပဿီဘုရား}}|xitoycha nomi=毗婆尸佛<br>([[Pinyin]]: ''Pípóshī Fó'')|yaponcha nomi={{ruby-ja|毘婆尸仏|びばしぶつ}}<br/>(''Bibashi Bosatsu'')|tibetcha nomi=<big><big>རྣམ་གཟིགས་</big></big><br><small text>Vaylie: rnam gzigs</small>|koreyscha nomi=비파시불<br/>(''Bipasi Bul'')|taycha nomi=พระวิปัสสีพุทธเจ้า<br>''Phra Vipatsi Phutthachao''|vyetnamcha nomi=Phật Tỳ Bà Thi|hurmat koʻrsatilishi=[[Theravada]], [[Mahayana]], [[Vajrayana]]|atributlari=Sof Budda{{citation needed|date=March 2019}}}}{{buddizm}}
[[Budda|Buddist]] an’analariga ko‘ra, '''Vipassī''' ([[Pali|Pāli]]) — ''Buddhavaṃsa'' asarining 27-bobida tasvirlangan yigirma sakkiz Buddaning yigirma ikkinchisidir<ref name=Buddhavamsa1882/>. ''Buddhavaṃsa'' — [[Gautama Buddha|Gautama Budda]] hayoti va undan oldingi yigirma yetti Buddaning hayotini tasvirlovchi buddist matnidir. U ''Xuddaka Nikāya''ning o‘n to‘rtinchi kitobi bo‘lib, bu esa o‘z navbatida ''Sutta Piṭaka'' tarkibiga kiradi. ''Sutta Piṭaka'' esa uchta asosiy bo‘lim — ''pitaka''lardan biri bo‘lib, ular birgalikda [[Theravada]] buddizmning ''[[Tripitaka|Tripiṭaka]]'' yoki ''Pāli kanoni''ni tashkil etadi<ref name=Lancaster2005/>.

''Bezakli kalpa''ning oxirgi uch Buddasidan biri bo‘lgan Vipassī, Phussa Buddadan keyin kelgan va Sixī Buddadan oldin yashagan<ref name=DRBA2007/>.

== Etimologiyasi ==
[[Pali]] tilidagi ''Vipassī'' so‘zi [[sanskrit]] tilida ''Vipaśyin'' shaklida uchraydi. ''Vi'' (yaxshi) va ''passī'' (ko‘rgan) qo‘shilib “ravshan ko‘ruvchi” degan ma’noni beradi. Bu so‘z ''vipassanā'' (tafakkur) termini bilan bir oilaga mansub. Buddaga bu ism berilgan, chunki u narsalarni qanday bo‘lsa shunday holda kuzatish yo‘lini kashf etgan. U insoniyat uchun nafas olish va tana sezgilarini ongli ravishda, hukmsiz kuzatish orqali hozirgi onni boshdan kechirish yo‘lini ochib bergan. Bunday ichki kuzatuvlar o‘z-o‘zini chuqur tushunishga yordam beradi va narsalarni xayolimizdagidek emas, aynan qanday bo‘lsa, shunday ko‘rishni o‘rgatadi, hatto eng murakkab holatlarning tugunini yechishga imkon beradi.

== Hayoti ==
''Buddhavaṃsa''ga, shuningdek buddist [[afsona]]lari va buddist mifologiyasiga ko‘ra, Vipassī hozirgi zamondan 91 kalpa (juda ko‘p milliardlab yillar) oldin yashagan<ref name=Beal1875/><ref name=Davids1878/>. Vipassī davrida odamlarning umr davomiyligi 84,000 yil bo‘lgan deb aytiladi{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}.

Vipassī [[Hindiston]]dagi Xema bog‘idagi Bandhumatī shahrida tug‘ilgan<ref name=Horner1975/>. Uning otasi Bandhumā jangchi-rahbar, onasi esa Bandhumatī bo‘lgan. Uning rafiqasi Sutanu, o‘g‘li esa Samavattakxandha edi<ref name=Horner1975/>.

Vipassī 8,000 yil davomida uyda qolgan va Nanda, Sunanda hamda Sirimā saroylarida yashagan. U dunyoviy hayotdan voz kechgach, aravada saroyni tark etgan<ref name=Horner1975/>. Vipassī sakkiz oy davomida [[zuhd]] bilan shug‘ullangan va nihoyat ''[[Banyan|Ajapāla nigrodha]]'' daraxti ostida [[Buddizmda ma’rifat|ma'rifatga]] erishgan<ref name=Davids1878/>. Buddalik darajasiga erishishidan oldin, u Sudassana-setxining qizi tomonidan berilgan sutli guruchni va Sujâta ismli qo‘riqchi bergan o‘t-o‘lanlarni yeb kun kechirgan.

Manbalarga ko‘ra, Vipassīning umr davomiyligi turlicha: u 80,000<ref name=Horner1975/> yoki 100,000 yil<ref name=Davids1878/> yashagan deb aytiladi. Uning tana qoldiqlari taxminan 56 mil (taxminan 90 km) balandlikdagi yetti yojanali [[stupa]]da saqlangan<ref name=Horner1975/>.

== Jismoniy xususiyatlari ==
Vipassīning bo‘yi 80 kubit (taxminan 121 fut yoki 37 metr) bo‘lgan va uning badanidan chiqqan nur yetti yojanagacha yoyilgan<ref name=Horner1975/>.

== Ta’limoti ==
Vipassī birinchi va’zini Xamamigadâyada 6,800,000 shogirdga, ikkinchisini 100,000 shogirdga va uchinchisini 80,000 shogirdga o‘qigan<ref name=Davids1878/>.

Uning ikki asosiy erkak shogirdi Xanda va Tissa, ikki asosiy ayol shogirdi esa Candâ va Candamittâ bo‘lgan. Asoka esa uning shaxsiy yordamchisi bo‘lgan. Eng yaxshi hamkorlar orasida Punabbasummitta va Naga (oddiy erkaklar orasida), Sirimâ va Uttarâ (oddiy ayollar orasida) bo‘lgan. Mendaki (o‘sha vaqtda Avaroja deb atalgan) uning uchun Gandhakuti (xushbo‘y pavilyon) qurib bergan. U har yetti yilda bir uposatha ado etgan va sangha intizomni mukammal bajargan.

== Yana qarang ==
* Buddist kosmologiyasi
* Buddizm atamalarining lug‘ati

== Manbalar ==
{{Reflist|2|refs=

<ref name=Beal1875>{{cite book|last=Beal|first=S|author-link=Samuel Beal|title=The romantic legend of Sâkya Buddha: from the Chinese-Sanscrit|chapter=Chapter III: Exciting to religious sentiment|pages=10–17|publisher=Trubner & Company, Ludgate Hill|location=London|year=1875|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924023164209#page/n27/mode/2up}}</ref>

<ref name=Buddhavamsa1882>{{cite book|editor-last=Morris|editor-first=R|editor-link=Richard Morris (philology)|title=The Buddhavamsa|chapter=XXVII: List of the Buddhas|pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283044/page/n85 66]–7|publisher=Pali Text Society|location=London|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283044}}</ref>

<ref name=Davids1878>{{cite book|last1=Davids|first1=TWR|last2=Davids|first2=R|author-link=Thomas William Rhys Davids|title=Buddhist birth-stories; Jataka tales. The commentarial introduction entitled Nidana-Katha; the story of the lineage|chapter=The successive bodhisats in the times of the previous Buddhas|pages=115–44|publisher=George Routledge & Sons|location=London|year=1878|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/buddhistbirth00daviuoft#page/n151/mode/1up}}</ref>

<ref name=DRBA2007>{{cite web|author=Buddhist Text Translation Society|title=The Sixth Patriarchs Dharma Jewel Platform Sutra|work=The Collected Lectures of Tripitaka Master Hsuan Hua|publisher=Dharma Realm Buddhist Association|location=Ukiah, California|year=2007|url=http://www.drbachinese.org/vbs/1_100/vbs32/sixth.html|access-date=2013-03-25}}</ref>

<ref name=Horner1975>{{cite book|last=Horner|first=IB|author-link=Isaline Blew Horner|title=The Minor Anthologies Of The Pali Canon: Part III: Chronicle Of Buddhas (Buddhavamsa) and Basket Of Conduct (Cariyapitaka)|chapter=The nineteenth chronicle: that of the Lord Vipassin|pages=74–7|publisher=Pali Text Society|location=Oxford|year=1975|isbn=086013072X}}</ref>

<ref name=Lancaster2005>{{cite book|last=Lancaster|first=LR|title=Encyclopedia of religion|edition=2nd|chapter=Buddhist books and texts: canon and canonization|page=1252|publisher=Macmillan Reference USA|location=New York|year=2005|isbn=978 00-286-5733-2|url=https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofre0000unse_v8f2|url-access=registration}}</ref>
}}

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[[Turkum:Buddizm]]
[[Turkum:Buddizm xudolari]]